Ulrich von dem Türlin, Arabel (1261/69)
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Chansons de Geste
Ulrich von dem Türlin, Arabel (1261/69)
Schröder, W. (ed.): Ulrich von dem Türlin, Arabel. Stuttgart 1999.
UvTAr-1:
1, 1: Prologue; the story deals with the antecedents to Wolfram’s “Willehalm”: how Heimrich of Naribon disinherited his sons, how Willehalm was captured, how the Arab queen eloped with him and was baptized, which led to the battle of Alischanz.
Motif References:
UvTAr-2:
9, 2: Heimrich of Naribon, a courageous knight, is in conflict with heathens who live at the borders of his county. He pacifies them.
Motif References:
V 301 (Li) Heathens and Christians
V 350 Conflicts between religions
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
UvTAr-3:
9, 8: Heimrich is married to Irmenschart/Irmenzart of Pavie. He met her when he fought with Karl against the heathens on the battlefield of Runzeval.
Motif References:
V 301 (Li) Heathens and Christians
V 350 Conflicts between religions
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
UvTAr-4:
11, 7: This event took place long before Karl led his campaign against the Romans because they blinded the pope. There, Willehalm got the wound he had to show to Kyburg to identify himself when he returned to Oranse.
Motif References:
H 51 Recognition by scar
H 195 (Bm) Failure to recognize
UvTAr-5:
12, 8: Heimrich is married to Irmenschart/Irmenzart of Pavie. He met her when he went to Rome with Karl to support Pope Leo, who was blinded by the Romans.
Motif References:
UvTAr-6:
12, 30: The heretical Romans blinded the pope during a legal act at the consistory.
Motif References:
P 121 (Bm) Pope
S 165 Mutilation: putting out eyes [blinding]
V 294 The Pope
UvTAr-7:
14, 3: Karl instantly comes to Rome to avenge his brother: he punishes the Romans by blinding them and destroying their houses.
Motif References:
S 165 Mutilation: putting out eyes [blinding]
Q 227 Punishment for opposition to holy person
P 251.5 Two brothers
Q 451.7 Blinding as punishment
Q 595 Loss or destruction of property as punishment
UvTAr-8:
14, 10: At Pentecost, during a mass, God sends an angel who puts in Leo’s eyes again.
Motif References:
A 165.2.3 Angels as God’s messengers
V 232 Angel as helper
F 952 Blindness miraculously cured
D 2161.3.1 Blindness magically cured
D 2161.5.5 Cure by angel
UvTAr-9:
15, 18: Karl and his suite return; on their way through Lombardy, he allows Heimrich to marry Irmenschart of Pavie, whose father died recently. They have seven sons.
Motif References:
Z 71.5 Formulistic number: seven
P 251.6.3 Six or seven brothers
UvTAr-10:
16, 17: A loyal vassal supports Heimrich in a feud (furious fighting, blood-streams flow on battlefield) and is killed.
Motif References:
P 361 Faithful servant [vassal]
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
UvTAr-11:
18, 4: Milte and Ere discuss Heimrich’s act.
Motif References:
UvTAr-12:
18, 22: Heimrich disowns his sons in favor of the son of that loyal vassal, Florete/Heimrich. He sends his own sons to foreign countries to prove their worth in the service of the ladies and in war, to serve their lords and save widows and orphans, to be generous towards itinerant entertainers, treat everyone in a moderate way, help poor and rich, not to damage anyone’s reputation, not to indulge in idleness, not to swear, be courageous in war, gain glory and a good reputation (21,1*A/19,1*R).
Motif References:
Q 72 Loyalty rewarded
P 233.11 Birthright transferred by father from the oldest son to another [father disowns sons in favor of loyal vassal’s son]
H 1210.1 Quest assigned by father
UvTAr-13:
29, 4: Willehalm travels to Karl’s court, where he is cordially welcomed. After eight years, he is knighted.
Motif References:
P 53 (Bm) Obtaining knighthood
UvTAr-14:
30, 4: Karl wages war against the pagan Normans and the heathens in Spain. Willehalm proves his worth in fights. Archbishop Turpin fights ferociously as well. They succeed in converting many heathens.
Motif References:
P 122.3 (Bm) Bishop encourages combat and wages battle
V 301 (Li) Heathens and Christians
V 331.2 Conversion to Christianity on pain of death [by force]
V 350 Conflicts between religions
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
UvTAr-15:
Willehalm also participates in the war against the heathen king Paligan, who claims Arles and Provence.
Motif References:
P 550.1.2 (Li) Defense of legitimate rights by war
UvTAr-16:
32, 28: Willehalm gets tutelage of Karl’s son Loys at his death and is enfeoffed with the march. As the princes refuse to choose Loys as king, Willehalm uses force of arms against them; Loys is elected and married to Willehalm’s sister.
Motif References:
P 11 Choice of kings
P 14.15 King has champion to enforce respect
P 16 End of king’s reign
P 17 Succession to the throne
P 50.0.1 King and vassals: obligations of vassals to king [Feudality: mutual relationship between king and vassals]
P 193 (Bm) Guardian [regent]
P 550.1.2 (Li) Defense of legitimate rights by war
UvTAr-17:
35, 16: Soon after Karl’s death, the heathen King Terramer attacks Loys. Loys’s princes swear to support him.
Motif References:
P 550.1.1 (Li) Aggression: rebellion; usurpation; invasion; assault
P 557.0.3 (Li) Military aid (alliance)
UvTAr-18:
40, 2: An enormous heathen army gathers. King Loys and his army move on to the battlefield of Runzeval. Paligan is the leader of the heathen army. Tybalt, one of his underkings, fights for Arabel’s love. The Christian war-cry is “Monschoy/Monsoy”.
Motif References:
F 873.2 Enormous army (camp)[train] P 557 Military customs
UvTAr-19:
44, 2-53, 17: Battle begins. Single combats. Streams of blood flow. Willehalm fights ferociously with his sword Tschoyse.
Motif References:
V 301 (Li) Heathens and Christians
V 350 Conflicts between religions
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
Z 201.2 (Bm) Hero’s famous sword
F 628.2 Strong man kills men
UvTAr-20:
48, 28: The heathen king of Tebeanal, Talmonar/Talemon and Samarginat/Samargon is sent into battle by a fairy.
Motif References:
F 399 Other fairy motifs
UvTAr-21:
50, 18: The heathens flee to the coast; Willehalm withdraws from the Christian army when pursuing them. He is attacked by three heathen kings (Halzibir, Synagun, Podius).
Motif References:
Z 71.1 Formulistic number: three
R 220 Flights
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
UvTAr-22:
52, 14: Though not defeated, Willehalm is finally overcome and captured by the heathens, as he loses his sword. He is brought on board a ship.
Motif References:
R 5 Capture on field of battle
UvTAr-23:
53, 18: Berhtram picks up the banner – its loss would signify great sorrow. When finding Willehalm’s dead horse, the warriors wring their hands, Berhtram throws the banner down, but picks it up again to pursue the heathens. The warriors dismount their horses in grief. Loys hands over the banner to Berhtram when he is informed about the events. He searches for Willehalm; the warriors cry when realizing his disappearance. They plunder what the heathens have left on the shore.
Motif References:
UvTAr-24:
57, 18: Willehalm is brought to Todierne, Tybalt’s and Arabel’s court. He is fettered and confined in chains.
Motif References:
R 51.2 Prisoners confined in chains
UvTAr-25:
58, 15: Willehalm and Arabel fall in love at first sight.
Motif References:
T 15 Love at first sight
T 91.6.4.1 Sultan’s [heathen king’s] daughter [wife] in love with captured [exiled] knight
UvTAr-26:
61, 6: Willehalm is confined in chains and put into a dungeon for the eight years to come.
Motif References:
R 41.3 Captivity in dungeon
R 51.2 Prisoners confined in chains
UvTAr-27:
62, 1: Arabel eases Willehalm’s captivity, she sends him food and blankets and has his chains wound with fabrics so that they do not rub his flesh. His skin is rusty because of the chains.
Motif References:
R 52.2 (Bm) Captive knight in care of captor’s mistress [wife]
UvTAr-28:
63, 16: The king of Kanar occupies Tschampfluors, a land without lakes or moor. The cold river Sargun flows through the mountains of Flagenat in the direction of paradise (falls into the river Tigris), carrying jewels; the river does not have a ford.
Motif References:
P 550.1.1 (Li) Aggression: rebellion; usurpation; invasion; assault
F 707 Extraordinary kingdom
F 708 Countries with one conspicuous lack
F 715 Extraordinary river
UvTAr-29:
64, 1: The river Sargun flows in the mountains of Amanar/Sentanar, where snake-maidens live: their upper half is human, their lower half snake with a venomous tail. They resemble the snake that seduced Adam.
Motif References:
B 29.2.3 Snake body – woman’s head
F 526 Person with compound body
UvTAr-30:
64, 26: The mountains of Amanar/Sentanar are situated at the end of the world. It is a country of no winters: there is no rime and no frost. It is named “der bluomen land” (country of flowers): The roses blooming there appease hunger by their smell. The flowers bloom during the whole year. There are no inhabitants, only birds and other animals live there.
Motif References:
F 708 Countries with one conspicuous lack
F 709.4 (Bm) Land of two summers and no winters [without extreme weather elements]
F 759 Extraordinary mountains and valleys – miscellaneous
F 814 Extraordinary flower
F 818 Extraordinary garden
F 971.5 Flowers bloom in winter
D 975.2 Magic rose
D 1664 Summer and winter garden
UvTAr-31:
65, 26: Terramer sends for his underkings; Tybalt arranges military aid.
Motif References:
P 557.0.3 (Li) Military aid (alliance)
UvTAr-32:
67, 4: Tybalt takes leave from Arabel, a remarkably beautiful woman who wears a crown made of ruby. Three queens are with her to celebrate a heathen holiday. They are widows, as Willehalm killed their husbands in fight.
Motif References:
Z 71.1 Formulistic number: three
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
F 828 Extraordinary crown
UvTAr-33:
68, 22: The widow of the king of Kandulac is a remarkably beautiful woman. Her crown is made of topaz and gold.
Motif References:
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
F 828 Extraordinary crown
UvTAr-34:
70, 18: The queen of Tangronet and Belinar is the second widow; salamanders live in the mountains in her country, and griffins stay nearby. Arabel is remarkably beautiful. The crown of the queen of Tangronet and Belinar is multicolored: red, blue, green and yellow, and decorated with red gold. The heathens are not allowed to sneeze, as they are not able to say “Helf Gott” (“Bless you.”).
Motif References:
B 42 Griffin
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
F 707 Extraordinary kingdom
F 828 Extraordinary crown
UvTAr-35:
73, 4: The third queen is the queen of Tusangule. Her husband, the noble moor king Tuzamanz, was also killed by Willehalm. In the place where he, a knight in service of the ladies, died, only roses bloom.
Motif References:
P 52.2 (Li) Knight in service of a lady
F 960.2 Extraordinary nature phenomena at death of holy [pious] person (hero)
F 971 Miraculous blossoming and bearing of fruit
UvTAr-36:
75, 2: Also the queen of Tusangule is a remarkably beautiful woman. She is black.
Motif References:
F 527.5 Black man [knight; wild woman]
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
UvTAr-37:
76, 26: She wears a dress in French fashion decorated with a beautiful and precious brooch. One of the pictures it shows depicts a lifeless knight with his lance of minne lying in the lap of Vrouwe Minne.
Motif References:
Z 137 (Li) Love personified: “Frau Minne”
F 827 Extraordinary ornaments
UvTAr-38:
78, 1: The three queens have come to celebrate a feast in honor of their gods that lasts for four weeks and one day. They mourn for their husbands, whose corpses are embalmed and carried on Tybalt’s ship. Apollo, Tervigant and Mahomet shall take care of their souls.
Motif References:
V 69 Funeral rites – miscellaneous
Z 71.1 Formulistic number: three
P 634 Feasts
P 683 (Bm) Embalming
UvTAr-39:
78, 16: The crown of the queen of Tusangule is made of emerald and paleiz/palas (white ruby) and set in gold.
Motif References:
F 828 Extraordinary crown
UvTAr-40:
83, 24: At the request of the queen of Tusangule, Willehalm is brought to Tybalt and the queens. He is confined in chains.
Motif References:
R 51.2 Prisoners confined in chains
UvTAr-41:
85, 14: Willehalm justifies his deeds and gives an account of the events – he fought three heathen kings and was captured. Arabel regrets that such a courageous man is held captive. Tybalt has him sent back into the dungeon.
Motif References:
R 5 Capture on field of battle
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
UvTAr-42:
89, 18: Tybalt has to take leave; he instructs Arabel to take care of the prisoner Willehalm and of the worship of the gods. Mahmet, Apollo, Tervigant, Bakun/Kaun, Venus and Juno shall take care of her. They lovingly take leave from each other. He and the three queens take leave (kiss farewell); the queens get parting gifts (95,7*A/94,7*R).
Motif References:
P 29 Queens – miscellaneous
UvTAr-43:
95, 16: Arabel looks for Willehalm, who is lovesick (*R). She has the keys of the castle in her custody.
Motif References:
T 24.1 Love-sickness
UvTAr-44:
96, 4: Amusements at court: itinerant entertainers, jugglers, acrobats (walk on balls, jump), musicians, a children’s choir.
Motif References:
P 428 Musician
P 483 Juggler (conjurer)
UvTAr-45:
97, 6: Arabel begs the “emeral” Langalas to let Willehalm out of prison, as he has spent the last eight years there. Langalas tells her that Willehalm is in great distress (this is indicated by crackling his fingers).
Motif References:
UvTAr-46:
98, 18: Langalas removes Willehalm’s heavy chains and lets him out of the dungeon (a wheel/lift transports food supplies). He is dressed properly and brought to Arabel. He dines with one of her maidens.
Motif References:
R 51.2 Prisoners confined in chains
UvTAr-47:
100, 18: The tables are removed after the meal. Arabel has a precious chess-board brought: it is made of ivory, the pieces are of sapphire and emerald. While they play, their mutual attraction grows. Arabel laughs during the game; she wins, as Willehalm is confused because of his love for her.
Motif References:
T 29 Falling in love – miscellaneous
F 899.2 Extraordinary game-board
UvTAr-48:
103, 26: Willehalm informs Arabel about the bad conditions of his captivity and recalls his capture: He killed many heathens and the three kings, then was captured undefeated by Tybalt. Arabel takes him by the hand, has him sit down beside her, and promises amelioration of conditions of captivity under the condition that he converts; at his refusal, she laughs.
Motif References:
R 5 Capture on field of battle
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
F 628.2 Strong man kills men
UvTAr-49:
108, 8: During a game of chess, Willehalm prays to the Virgin Mary. Arabel, who speaks French, gets curious. He is glad (laughs) and explains the Christian dogmas to her.
Motif References:
V 50 Prayer
UvTAr-50:
113, 1: Willehalm explains the allegorical meaning of chess: the relation between the king and the other pieces corresponds to the relation between God and man; the chess-game corresponds to the order of the universe.
Motif References:
Z 100 Symbolism
UvTAr-51:
114, 20: Willehalm declares his love to Arabel, who falls more and more in love with him as well.
Motif References:
T 57 Declaration of love
T 91.6.4.1 Sultan’s [heathen king’s] daughter [wife] in love with captured [exiled] knight
UvTAr-52:
116, 3: Arabel and four princesses decide to convert to Christianity (conversation takes place in a blooming garden); they inform Willehalm about their decision during a chess-game.
Motif References:
V 331 Conversion to Christianity
UvTAr-53:
122, 1: While playing chess with Willehalm, Arabel develops a plan to flee with the four princesses and Willehalm in order to convert to Christianity: Willehalm shall go back into dungeon and pretend to be ill, which will lead to his liberation from the chains. Arabel will hand him a rasp. Willehalm follows her advice – he pretends sickness, his chains are taken off. Arabel has a ship prepared: she pretends that she wants to flee Tybalt’s anger in case Willehalm’s condition of health gets worse.
Motif References:
K 1818 Disguise as sick man
K 2370 Miscellaneous deceptions
UvTAr-54:
124, 13: Arabel’s emeral Mamurtanit says that Willehalm’s sword is so heavy that he can not lift it. He mentions a fresco that was made on Terramer’s suggestion and depicts the battle of Runzeval.
Motif References:
F 833 Extraordinary sword
UvTAr-55:
124, 27: Emeral Mamurtanit advises Arabel to go to Bonolit/Benolit instead of Tuntanar/Tulmanar. A mirror there makes it possible to see anything that happens on the sea in a distance of up to 100 miles.
Motif References:
F 899 Other extraordinary objects
D 1163 Magic mirror
D 1323.1 Magic clairvoyant mirror
UvTAr-56:
127, 18: Arabel steals a rasp from a smith and passes it on to Willehalm during a visit made under pretense of taking leave. She draws him up from prison on a rope.
Motif References:
T 32.1 Lovers’ meeting: hero in heroine’s father’s [husband’s] prison from which she helps him to escape
R 121 Means of rescue from prison
R 162 Rescue by captor’s daughter (wife, mother)[niece]
F 610.0.1 Remarkably strong woman
N 831 Girl [woman] as helper
UvTAr-57:
130, 2: Arabel and Willehalm kiss; they spend some time together in a room before leaving.
Motif References:
UvTAr-58:
132, 10: Their flight is prepared. Willehalm disguises himself as a woman; he wears helmet and sword underneath the dress, the other parts of his armor are divided between the five women who also wear them underneath their clothes. Arabel takes the keys with her. They go on board the ship. The ladies praise Willehalm’s courage – this annoys Mamurtanit. Arabel secretly gives orders to change course in the direction of Christian countries.
Motif References:
R 225 Elopement
K 1836 Disguise of man in woman’s dress
UvTAr-59:
141, 1: Willehalm comes out of his hiding-place on Arabel’s sign and kills many heathens. Arabel also fights, using an oar as weapon, as well as her ladies – they fear that the heathens might defeat Willehalm (this makes him laugh). The heathens fall at Arabel’s feet and cry; she begs Willehalm in French to be merciful and embraces him. The heathens submit to Willehalm and Arabel and swear loyalty.
Motif References:
P 63 (Bm) Lady in armor (and battle)
R 75 Surrendering
M 150 Other vows and oaths
L 325 (Bm) Victory over superior force
F 565.1 Amazons. Women warriors
F 610.0.1 Remarkably strong woman
F 628.2 Strong man kills men
K 2370 Miscellaneous deceptions
UvTAr-60:
144, 20: Mamurtanit tells them of his prophetic dream: a “merwunder” (miraculous sea-creature) shot at them, griffins tried to kidnap people on board, a dragon with fiery breath first devoured the merwunder and then tried to burn Arabel, but his wings did not carry him anymore. Arabel tore out his heart and threw it to the ground. Griffins shrieked, the merwunder fell to earth and were drowned by griffins.
Motif References:
Z 100 Symbolism
M 302.7 Prophecy through dreams
D 1812.3.3.5 Prophetic dream allegorical
UvTAr-61:
145, 22: Mamurtanit and the other heathens again swear loyalty and conversion.
Motif References:
M 177.1 Vow to become a Christian
UvTAr-62:
149, 2: On the sixth day of their journey, they realize that they are pursued by heathens.
Motif References:
R 260 Pursuits
UvTAr-63:
153, 12: The Christians take refuge on the island of Montanar. They are let into the castle after Willehalm tells the guardian (who speaks French) his name. The burgrave and his wife receive them cordially and give them shelter. The chatelaine greets Arabel with an embrace/with a kiss; she describes the island as a secure place to her and emphasizes Willehalm’s valor. Arabel agrees and tells her that he is worth the loss of rank she had to endure.
Motif References:
R 316.1 Refuge on island
P 322 Guest given refuge
UvTAr-64:
161, 1: The castle is fortified (shields, crossbows, equipment to bend the crossbows), and the heathens trying to get into the harbor are bombarded. The heathens besiege the island with war-machines.
Motif References:
P 557.0.4 (Li) Siege
UvTAr-65:
162, 11: Provoking speeches are held by heathens and Christians; the mariner Kandaris acts as a mediator. He describes the love between Willehalm and Arabel. The heathens menace to come with a larger fleet, but Kandaris retorts that the heathen gods are powerless.
Motif References:
UvTAr-66:
165, 21: The Christians have a council of war on how to defend the island. There is another castle at the other end of the island with twelve war-machines. Willehalm gratefully takes the burgrave by the hand. Arabel thanks him in French.
Motif References:
P 557.0.1 (Li) Council of war
UvTAr-67:
Arabel’s ship is cleaned and covered with cow skins.
Motif References:
UvTAr-68:
169, 8: During the meal (seating plan according to social rank), Arabel refuses to be treated differently because of her faith. She wears a loose dress in heathen fashion. The burgrave kneels and swears an oath of loyalty to her. After the tables are put away, the burgrave sends for Junamur, the burgrave of the other castle on the island (Tulinat/Tuninat). They plan to send the heathen ships to the bottom of the sea with catapults.
Motif References:
M 150 Other vows and oaths
P 632 Customs concerning recognition of rank
UvTAr-69:
176, 5: Willehalm and the two burgraves travel to Tulinat/Tuninat, where they are received by the chatelaine with a kiss. Arabel and her hostess stay behind; Arabel begs her to take Willehalm’s place during his absence. At their return, Willehalm and the burgrave are welcomed by their ladies with kisses.
Motif References:
UvTAr-70:
179, 8: The heathens’ ships are destroyed by a tempest; many heathens drown. Arabel thanks God; she, Willehalm and their suite prepare to depart. Arabel is dressed in a Christian way to be recognized as a queen at her arrival in France. She begs the burgrave and the chatelaine to accompany them to France.
Motif References:
UvTAr-71:
183, 30: Arabel gives presents to her hosts: precious fabrics made of the extremely white skin of salamanders.
Motif References:
Q 45 Hospitality rewarded
Q 114 Gifts as reward
P 320 Hospitality
B 731.0.1 Animals of strange and varied coloring
F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)
UvTAr-72:
184, 27: Another fabric comes from the mountains of Tangelesant, where stranded ships lie (*A) and a kind of dragon, samanirit (resembling salamander), lives in the fire; samanirit produce a fabric from their sloughed skins every sixth/twelfth year: an even number of them blow, snort and wallow on the skins, leaving their traces on the everlasting fabrics. Griffins take them away, and heathens steal them: they disguise themselves by covering themselves with leaves. The fabrics are gold, ultramarine blue, white.
Motif References:
B 42 Griffin
Z 71.0.1 Odd [even] numbers – formulistic
K 311 Thief in disguise
B 750 Fanciful habits of animals
F 759 Extraordinary mountains and valleys – miscellaneous
F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)
D 1051 Magic cloth
D 1652.8 Inexhaustible cloth
K 1821 Disguise by changing bodily appearance
D 1841.3.1 Magic animal proof against burning
UvTAr-73:
187, 8: Arabel brought four /eight of these fabrics which are worth more than a whole country to Montanar. She gets her new clothes. Arabel greets the burgrave with a laugh. Arabel, Willehalm, the burgrave and the chatelaine take leave from the other burgrave and his wife with kisses. Arabel gives also precious fabrics to her. They mount the ship.
Motif References:
UvTAr-74:
191, 11: They have a pleasant journey to Rivetinet – they stop over on different islands, where the ladies run and play. In Rivetinet, they are cordially received; Arabel greets the ladies with a laugh and embraces them, as they start crying. Arabel learns to walk and dress in a proper “Christian” way (194,24*A /199,24*R).
Motif References:
UvTAr-75:
196, 15: A messenger (Kunal /Gunalt) is sent with letters written by Willehalm to Berhtram in Oranse. He tells Berhtram about Willehalm’s release by Arabel. He travels on to Naribon, to Heimrich and Irmenschart. He describes Arabel’s beauty and says that she rescued Willehalm; she is the wife of his captor Tybalt. Heimrich’s hair has become grey during the years of Willehalm’s imprisonment. Irmenschart cries with relief and joy when reading the letter. She laughs.
Motif References:
P 14.15.2 Court messenger
R 162 Rescue by captor’s daughter (wife, mother)[niece]
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
UvTAr-76:
204, 24: Irmenschart gives Kunal /Gunalt presents for Arabel and her suite. The messenger himself is richly rewarded. He returns to Rivetinet. Arabel shares the presents with her suite – precious fabrics are made to garments. Heimrich passes on the news to Loys. When the queen, Willehalm’s sister, learns about his arrival, she jumps up and asks loudly (in a not very ladylike way) for further details (209,12*A/214,12*R).
Motif References:
Q 98.1 (Bm) Bearer of good news offered reward
Q 111 Riches as reward
P 324 Host greets guest with gifts [Welcome and parting gifts]
UvTAr-77:
211, 20: Heimrich and his sons prepare for the meeting with Arabel; Loys arrives in person to welcome Willehalm and Arabel.
Motif References:
UvTAr-78:
215, 12: Arabel’s dress is made of a gleaming fabric that is embroidered with moons and stars and decorated with jewels. Her surcoat is lined with skins of parakeets. The chatelaine shows her how to wear the veil correctly; she wears a traveling cloak. Willehalm lifts her on her horse. They joke about Tybalt and laugh. A mounted game (buhurt) takes place (this is quite dangerous for the ladies).
Motif References:
F 821.1 Dress of extraordinary material
UvTAr-79:
219, 1: First Loys, then Heimrich greet Willehalm and Arabel with kisses. Other family members welcome Arabel by embracing her. A mounted game (buhurt) takes place (220,24*A/225,24*R). Heimrich greets Arabel and cries thankfully.
Motif References:
P 632 Customs concerning recognition of rank
UvTAr-80:
224, 12: Loys lifts Arabel from her horse, Willehalm the chatelaine, the other knights the other ladies. Willehalm takes Arabel by the hand and leads her to the great hall (palas).
Motif References:
UvTAr-81:
225, 6: Arabel brought a very rich canopy with her, which she now gives to Willehalm. It is embroidered with gold and jewels, showing moon, stars, the heathen gods Venus, Tervigant and Apollo and love-scenes between Arabel and Tybalt.
Motif References:
F 775 Extraordinary tent
UvTAr-82:
225, 26: Arabel is welcomed by the other ladies with kisses. Willehalm officially welcomes Arabel.
Motif References:
UvTAr-83:
228, 2: A seating plan for dinner is arranged.
Motif References:
P 632 Customs concerning recognition of rank
UvTAr-84:
229, 24: After the meal, Willehalm gives an account of the past events: During a furious fight with three heathen kings (Halzibir, Synagun, Podius), he withdrew from the Christian army and was captured by Tybalt after he killed them.
Motif References:
R 5 Capture on field of battle
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
F 628.2 Strong man kills men
UvTAr-85:
232, 26: The widows of these three kings were curious to see him and took him out of the dungeon. When Tybalt had to leave, the beautiful Arabel acted in his place and had to look after the prisoner.
Motif References:
P 29 Queens – miscellaneous
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
UvTAr-86:
234, 24: During their games of chess, they fell in love with each other, and Willehalm succeeded in converting her and the ladies to Christianity. He discovered that Arabel speaks French, as she understood his prayers.
Motif References:
T 29 Falling in love – miscellaneous
T 91.6.4.1 Sultan’s [heathen king’s] daughter [wife] in love with captured [exiled] knight
V 331 Conversion to Christianity
UvTAr-87:
236, 8: Willehalm was liberated from prison by Arabel: she had a ship prepared under pretense of wanting to escape rumors about her relationship with him. He got a rasp and managed to liberate himself from the chains. Arabel herself drew him up from dungeon.
Motif References:
T 32.1 Lovers’ meeting: hero in heroine’s father’s [husband’s] prison from which she helps him to escape
R 121 Means of rescue from prison
R 162 Rescue by captor’s daughter (wife, mother)[niece]
F 610.0.1 Remarkably strong woman
N 831 Girl [woman] as helper
K 2370 Miscellaneous deceptions
UvTAr-88:
238, 1: Willehalm disguised himself as a woman and wore his helmet and sword underneath his dress; the other parts of his armor were divided between the ladies who also wore them underneath their clothes. They left. Willehalm hid on board the ship.
Motif References:
R 225 Elopement
K 1836 Disguise of man in woman’s dress
UvTAr-89:
238, 29: Arabel ordered a change of course. Willehalm came out of his hiding-place on Arabel’s sign and killed 800 heathens. Arabel took part in the fight as well. The heathens submitted to them and vowed loyalty and conversion.
Motif References:
P 63 (Bm) Lady in armor (and battle)
R 75 Surrendering
M 150 Other vows and oaths
M 177.1 Vow to become a Christian
L 325 (Bm) Victory over superior force
F 565.1 Amazons. Women warriors
F 628.2 Strong man kills men
K 2370 Miscellaneous deceptions
UvTAr-90:
240, 1: On the sixth day of their journey they realized that they were pursued by the heathens. They took refuge on an island governed by a Christian burgrave. The heathens besieged the island (with war-machines), but a storm destroyed many of their ships.
Motif References:
R 260 Pursuits
R 316.1 Refuge on island
P 322 Guest given refuge
P 557.0.4 (Li) Siege
UvTAr-91:
242, 16: Loys, Heimrich and the other nobles thank the burgrave, the chatelaine and Arabel for what they have done for Willehalm. Arabel points out that she is now a chatelaine, not a queen anymore; the king laughs with joy. Mounted games are held. The king and his suite take leave. Count Roygir/Hoyger of Tynant informs them that the pope stays in Paris; he suggests asking him to baptize Arabel. Willehalm begs his father to travel to Paris.
Motif References:
UvTAr-92:
248, 10: Heimrich and two of his sons travel to Paris. They kiss the pope’s feet, then kneel down. The pope agrees to baptize Arabel and summons Loys to Avignon in 12/20 days’ time.
Motif References:
P 121 (Bm) Pope
V 294 The Pope
UvTAr-93:
253, 1: Arabel and Willehalm get precious presents (garments, fabrics, horses). Loys gives Arabel a horse as a present. Willehalm embraces Arabel and kisses her, mocking Tybalt. They laugh and kiss.
Motif References:
UvTAr-94:
256, 20: The burgrave lifts his wife on a polychromatic horse: it is white, with one black and one red ear and a red streak on its back. Other polychromatic horses are there as well.
Motif References:
B 731.2.1 Horse with crimson mane and green legs [Polychromatic horse]
UvTAr-95:
257, 4: The heathen emeral begs Willehalm to accept him as a vassal, as he is without lands or goods.
Motif References:
P 50.0.1 King and vassals: obligations of vassals to king [Feudality: mutual relationship between king and vassals]
UvTAr-96:
258, 4: They leave to meet with the king and the pope in their camps.
Motif References:
UvTAr-97:
259, 18: Among the tents erected in Avignon is a very precious one brought by Arabel: it is embroidered with scenes from Arabel’s and Tybalt’s lives and shows the heathen gods Venus, Tervigant and Appollo holding banderoles (the texts tell of Arabel’s and Tybalt’s love). It is decorated with a gold eagle, whose gleaming illuminates its interior, and twelve indestructible buttons visible even from a far distance. A mirror that is attached to the covering of the tent serves as a test of virtue.
Motif References:
F 775 Extraordinary tent
F 827 Extraordinary ornaments
F 899 Other extraordinary objects
D 1163 Magic mirror
H 1569 Tests of character – miscellaneous
D 1645.7 Self-luminous artificial boar [gold eagle]
UvTAr-98:
263, 25: Willehalm entrusts Arabel and the chatelaine to his brother Kybert and the emeral, so that they do not take harm during the tournaments. Loys receives Arabel with a kiss. Following the chatelaine’s instructions, she greets the queen (when she has removed her veil, Arabel has to remove hers and kiss her). Irmenschart greets her with a kiss and embraces her, as well as Alyze and 100 noble ladies. The ladies are helped from their horses when they have reached the camp. A seating plan at the meal is arranged (269,10*A/274,10*R).
Motif References:
P 632 Customs concerning recognition of rank
UvTAr-99:
271, 2: Arabel is instructed on how to behave at baptism (when to speak, when to keep silent etc.). The pope, Loys and the queen come to meet her. The pope takes Arabel by the hand and enters church. The followers of Count Saniel are dressed in beaver’s furs.
Motif References:
F 821.1 Dress of extraordinary material
UvTAr-100:
274, 16: Arabel is prepared for baptism. Kyburg of Arl is her godmother. Arabel is undressed, she wears only a thin shift. The pope exorcizes her from the devil Feymurc/Femurk. Profession of faith (three times). He christens her Kyburg by sprinkling her with Holy Water three times; she has by now taken off her shift as well and is naked. The pope dresses her with the christening shirt.
Motif References:
Z 71.1 Formulistic number: three
V 81 Baptism
P 121 (Bm) Pope
V 294 The Pope
P 296.2 Godmother
V 332 Baptism of heathen
UvTAr-101:
278, 16: Willehalm takes off her christening shirt – Kyburg is naked again. She puts on very precious lingerie made of dragon’s skin: it is embroidered with gold and pearls and fits in one hand, though it is rather large. Kyburg is compared to an angel, she is so beautiful.
Motif References:
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
F 821.2.1 Coat [dress] so light that it can be concealed in closed palms of hand
D 1025 Magic skin of animal
D 1052 Magic garment (robe, tunic)
UvTAr-102:
280, 21: Other heathens are baptized as well. They communicate.
Motif References:
V 81 Baptism
V 332 Baptism of heathen
UvTAr-103:
282, 10: For the feast, Kyburg wears a dress made of the fabrics produced by salamanders. Her extraordinary beauty is described.
Motif References:
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
P 634 Feasts
B 750 Fanciful habits of animals
F 821.1 Dress of extraordinary material
UvTAr-104:
After dinner, tables are removed. There is dancing, music, entertainment with games.
Motif References:
UvTAr-105:
286, 10: Willehalm and Loys ask the pope to marry him and Kyburg as soon as possible. The pope agrees; he remembers Willehalm’s help against Paligan and the Romans who blinded him.
Motif References:
P 121 (Bm) Pope
S 165 Mutilation: putting out eyes [blinding]
V 294 The Pope
UvTAr-106:
287, 18: The wedding of Willehalm and Kyburg takes place. Kyburg’s companions are married to Willehalm’s kinsmen. Kyburg gives 10,000 marks as dowry to each of her companions.
Motif References:
T 135.8 Two or more weddings at one time as the end of a tale
UvTAr-107:
294, 30-311, 9: The ladies are conducted to the wedding feast (mounted games take place in the fields).
Motif References:
T 136.1 Wedding feast
UvTAr-108:
297, 18: Kyburg is preciously dressed; the clasp of her belt is made of emerald, sapphire and ruby, depicting Venus, who exchanges hearts between Tybalt and Kyburg by an operation.
Motif References:
Z 100 Symbolism
F 826 Extraordinary jewels
UvTAr-109:
298, 24: Around the king’s tent, in the shadow of a lime-tree, the wedding feast takes place (music, dancing); each man eats with his lady. The ladies play ball and weave flowers into their hair.
Motif References:
UvTAr-110:
301, 11: Kyburg is prepared for her wedding-night: she dresses in a transparent shirt. Many giver her good advice. Among those is a kind of love-charm: at night, while Willehalm is asleep, she shall put on his shirt and walk across him secretly, covering his head with her own shirt. The newly married couples are then conducted to their bridal beds. The author Ulrich talks to Kiusche (chastity) and Minne (love) about the wedding night.
Motif References:
T 137.2 Bride and bridegroom conducted to bridal bed
T 137.1 Advice to a parting bride
UvTAr-111:
305, 16: On the morning after the wedding night, the queen and her ladies come to visit the newly-weds, who eat invigorating food (minnehuon) before getting up. The brides get presents, but the guests receive precious presents as well. Kyburg advises Willehalm to be generous (he might be in need of military aid some time). She gives precious fabrics to the queen, Alyse and the countess of Arles: four are white and embroidered, four made by salamanders: They renew themselves when put into the fire, where only the seams burn.
Motif References:
T 136.4 Gifts at wedding
T 137 Customs following wedding
B 731.0.1 Animals of strange and varied coloring
B 750 Fanciful habits of animals
F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)
D 1051 Magic cloth
D 1652.8 Inexhaustible cloth
UvTAr-112:
309, 1: The king asks Kyburg if she was treated well during her wedding night. More festivities commence; Loys has Kyburg as his lady at table. On the sixth/twelfth day of the festivities, Willehalm begs Loys for leave on his knees (311,10*A/316,10*R).
Motif References:
UvTAr-113:
312, 8: Continuation [not by Ulrich]: Kyburg and the princes take leave from court; they laugh. The king gives horses, armors, helmets and swords as gifts to Willehalm, the burgrave and Loys (formerly heathen emeral).
Motif References:
W 11.2 Munificent monarch
P 324 Host greets guest with gifts [Welcome and parting gifts]
UvTAr-114:
315, 18: Kyburg takes leave from the queen with a kiss. She takes Alyze and Vivians/Fivianz with her to Oranse to educate them. Then she embraces her godmother.
Motif References:
UvTAr-115:
319: In Oranse, Irmenschart instructs Kyburg in household affairs; then she returns to Naribon.
Motif References:
UvTAr-116:
322, 8: Willehalm establishes Karl’s law in his country. Also the burgrave and the chatelaine take leave. They are accompanied by Willehalm’s brothers. Willehalm gives him a horse for the other burgrave in Montanar, the burgrave of Tuninat. Kyburg gives presents to the chatelaine.
Motif References:
UvTAr-117:
328, 25: Following Count Arnalt’s advice, a feast is held at Pentecost: a knighting ceremony takes place after mass, during which the swords are blessed, and knights are girded with them. Afterwards, tournaments take place.
Motif References:
P 53 (Bm) Obtaining knighthood
P 54 (Bm) Knighting custom
P 561 Tournaments
P 634 Feasts
UvTAr-118:
333, 22: Fivianz and Mile travel to the imperial court; a page they meet – Pynal – tells them that the empress misses Alyze. They return to take Alyze with them.
Motif References:
P 50.3 (Ha) Page
P 232 Mother and daughter
UvTAr-119:
337, 12: Alyze’s horse is white with a black streak on its back, its mane and tail are red; two of its feet are also colored.
Motif References:
B 731.2.1 Horse with crimson mane and green legs [Polychromatic horse]
UvTAr-120:
338, 6: Loys comes to meet them, removes his daughter’s veil and kisses her, then she is kissed by the queen. They stay in Munleun for half a year.
Motif References:
UvTAr-121:
342, 18: One day, a messenger brings news of Tybalt’s arrival with 12.000 ships. Willehalm takes leave from Loys and returns to Oranse.
Motif References:
T 104.1 Rejected suitor wages war
P 550.1.1 (Li) Aggression: rebellion; usurpation; invasion; assault
F 873.2 Enormous army (camp)[train]
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