HvFLvT-1: The author debates the art of poetry. Although this story bases on a French source the original is Greek: the latter was translated into Latin and after into French. Dares is well informed about the battle of Troy, because he has been there. Cornelius read the Greek story and translated it into Latin. The author’s ambition is to combine the three versions, Greek Latin and French. Duke Herman Count of Thuringen received the (French) book from the Count of Liningen.

Motif References:

HvFLvT-90: In Greek countries lives a king with the name of Peleas. He lives in wealth and splendor. Although the French sources praise him the poet assesses the king as treacherous. He cheated his nephew Jason son of his brother Eson of his inheritance. Jason is young full of virtues, wise, brave and generous.

Motif References:

K 2246.1 Treacherous king

HvFLvT-170: The King grows jealous because people praise the young hero Jason, even more than the king. He fears that Jason will seize his kingdom and prepares day and night to destroy him. A country comes to his mind situated on an island with the name of Colchos. A magic golden fleece guarded by big snakes and dragons is kept there and all the heroes who tried to win it were killed. So the king plans to send Jason to his doom.

Motif References:

S 71 Cruel uncle
B 101.3 Ram with golden fleece
H 1210.2 Quest assigned by king
H 1211 Quests assigned in order to get rid of hero
H 1332.1 Quest for golden fleece

HvFLvT-210: King Peleas has a court feast arranged in Pelepones and demands that Jason attend. Jason appears together with his dear friend Hercules. Many nobles arrive to watch the tournament; there are 700 attendees excluding Jason and his retinue. After the meal Peleas speaks to the assembled nobles about Colchos and the fleece. Jason begs Hercules to be his companion, and it is settled. Peleas sends for Argus who builds a vessel within a month. He endows it with a long shape. When the ship is finished Jason and Hercules and other brave heroes raise the mast load provisions, weapons, armor, then they set off in the direction of Troy.

Motif References:

P 634 Feasts
F 841 Extraordinary boat (ship)

HvFLvT-346: After a short journey they arrive in Troy, where king Laomedon reigns. They camp at the shore, near a clear wellspring. The Trojans right away suspect that they have come as enemies. King Laomedon summons his counselors, who advise him to send the Greeks cunningly to a farther country. They choose a brave knight as messenger who approaches the Greeks with 7 squires in his retinue. The king’s message: The Greeks are not welcome because they traveled without fitting retinue, therefore he expels them. When Hercules receives the message he grows very angry. He wishes that he still would have the hellhound Cerberus on his side (which he has defeated once). The day will come when the Trojans will regret their inhospitality. So they embark on their ship and sail to Colchos.

Motif References:

W 158 Inhospitality
A 673 Hound of hell. Cerberus.

HvFLvT-456: Jason and his men reach the town Jaconites ruled by the king Oertes. The town is fortified with thick ring-walls and towers. A marble palace is seen from afar. The Greeks dress in precious garments and their coat of arms which is famous. They approach the fortress gate (the army connives carrying the swords).

Motif References:

F 760.0.1 (Bm) Extraordinarily beautiful town

HvFLvT-500: The news about the amazing Greek visitors spread among the country. The cut and coloring of their garments is unknown in Colchos. The king receives them warmly, treating them with food and gifts. The king’s daughter Medea is a very learned wise princess skilled in medicine, nigromancy, black magic. She knows curses, conjures demons for divination to prophecy the future. Nowadays the art is taught in Tolet in Spain.

Motif References:

F 645 Marvelously wise man [woman].
D 1711 Magician
D 1738 Magic arts studied
D 1810.0.2 Magic knowledge of magician

HvFLvT-565: The princess’ name is Medea and she is a mighty sorceress who controls the course of the rivers, conjures the moon by night and is in command of the magic art whenever she chooses. When Medea is informed of Jason’s arrival she joyfully hears of his beauty and puts on her best clothes and ornaments and gems her hair with a red carbuncle. When Jason sees her they mutually fall in love.

Motif References:

T 10 Falling in love
T 15 Love at first sight
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
D 2198 Magic control of spirits (angels, [gods])

HvFLvT-630: Medea’s personal attributes are superb. Every single one can cause a man to fall in love. When king and queen retreat to a chamber for counsel, Jason approaches Medea. Jason touches her clothes pretending to brush off dust and slips his hands under her garments. She reproaches him but during a conversation they fall in love. Both begin to show the symptoms of love: Heat, cold, sweat.

Motif References:

T 24.1 Love-sickness
T 24 The symptoms of love
T 34 Lovers meet at social gathering

HvFLvT-776: Jason first believes that his love sickness is caused by Medea’s magic. But she tells him it happened not because of her magic arts and she would like it to stop. They have a meal together but Medea rejects all food and drink. Medea looks at Jason with the “eyes” of the spirit and sends out a spirit to watch over Jason as long as he lives. When he dies they will go to paradise together. She has knowledge of all herbs, roots and remedies. She is skilled in astrology and can foretell the future. She can conjure demons that are forced to reveal all the secrets of the world.

Motif References:

V 238 Guardian angel

HvFLvT-845: Medea esteems herself a practitioner of sorcery, she loves charms, but now she feels as if thunderstruck and has the odd impression as if she were Jason and Medea at the same time. But eventually she yields to her love and decides that it is the will of god.

Motif References:

HvFLvT-905: Medea asks Jason about his private motives for his visit. When he tells her that he has been sent on a quest for the golden star she tells him that whoever sent him wants him dead. But Jason insists to find the golden star even if it were his death. Medea offers her advice promising her help on oath. After the meal the guests are sent to their quarters. But Jason wanders around the palace and finds Medea.

Motif References:

J 652 Inattention to warnings

HvFLvT-930: Jason swears an oath by Medea’s god and she tells him the correct words to take her to his wife. He swears by Juppiter and Juno, Venus, Pallas. After the oath they go to bed. In the morning Jason asks Medea for advice how to win the golden star without choosing death. She instructs him how to pass two oxen spitting fire and the dragons that guard the treasure.

Motif References:

T 35 Lovers’ rendezvous
M 114 Oath taken on sacred object
M 146.8 (Bm) Vow to marry lady who helps achieve task
M 149 Vows concerning sex – miscellaneous
H 974.1 Task performed with help of mistress

HvFLvT-1013: Medea hands Jason an image providing protection against anger. She gives him an ointment advising to apply it on his whole body to protect him against fire. A golden ring protects against magic and poison. When Jason encloses the ring in his palm he becomes invisible. She endows him with a magic letter which forces the onlooker to love him. The fifth gift is a magic “glance” to strangle the dragon’s body and mind.

Motif References:

D 825 Magic object received from maiden.
N 831 Girl [woman] as helper
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1244 Magic salve (ointment)
D 1361.19 Magic jewel renders invisible
D 1361.17 Magic ring renders invisible
D 1380.23 Magic ring protects
D 1382.4.1 (Bm) Ointment protects against fire
D 1599 Magic object performs services – miscellaneous
D 1799.4 Magic powers from touching

HvFLvT-1045: Jason embraces Medea, leaves and wakes his companions. Meanwhile King Oertes regrets that Jason has to die. Jason puts on his armor and hurries to fight the dragon. He strikes it. When the dragon breathes fire Jason is nearly burnt, but he applies his ointment, gripping his spear. He strikes a heavy blow on the dragon’s head. His skin wrinkles and his hair burns, but he grabs the star nevertheless and returns to his companions.

Motif References:

B 11.11 Fight with dragon
B 742 Animal breathes fire
H 987 Task performed with aid of magic object
H 1161.7 (Bm) Task: slay fire-breathing dragon
D 1244 Magic salve (ointment)
D 1382 Magic object protects against cold or burning

HvFLvT-1135: Jason’s companions are overjoyed. In the evening they are invited to the dining hall. Medea takes Jason by the hand and leads him to her chamber. The next morning Jason and his retinue leave clandestinely taking Medea with them. They disembark.

Motif References:

T 35 Lovers’ rendezvous
R 225 Elopement

HvFLvT-1159: When they arrive in Greece the king is informed of Jason’s happy return. The king welcomes him and his companions, sends him to the bath and commands to guard the golden star carefully. Country folk and nobles all gather to see it. Jason is much honored. The source reveals no more about Jason’s fate.

Motif References:

W 171 Two-facedness

HvFLvT-1182: The sources inform us how Hercules had to suffer in Troy. He tells Jason that the Trojan king had expelled him. He rides to Partha to visit Castor and Pollux complaining about the Trojan king and demanding that they aid him to take revenge. As soon as they promise their aid, Hercules summons allies for his war. He rides to Peleus, and Nestor, and summons an army; in spring they depart with fifteen well-equipped ships.

Motif References:

P 251.5 Two brothers
P 552.6 (Tu) Conscription of troops: summoning allies as preparation for war

HvFLvT-1243: On the eighth day they arrive in Troy. They part the army in four groups: Peleus protects the seaside together with Pollux and his troops. Castor guards the mountains, old Nestor the forest. Hercules sneaks in the fortress together with Telamon. When the enemies come out they intend to circumvent them. When the watchman notices the strangers he alerts the king. When the monarch recognizes the blue shield with a red and white lion emblazoned, he dismally becomes aware that the Greeks have come for revenge.

Motif References:

K 2350 Military strategy

HvFLvT-1334: The king observes that there is only a small troop and commands aggress. Many Greeks are killed. Nestor hurries to support the retreating Greek troops. They engage in a furious battle, meanwhile Castor and Pollux arrive coming from two different sides. Nestor a giant-like hero rides to the Trojan king to challenge him to battle. The king grabs a spear and pierces Nestor’s shield, wounding him. Nestor pulls out the spear and pierces both the king together with his horse.

Motif References:

P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War

HvFLvT-1420: A young Trojan hero with name of Cedar appears. He only has been carrying the sword since one year but takes revenge for his king by killing Nestor. Thirty-six Greeks are killed. Castor grows mad with grief for Nestor and rushes to his horse to avenge his friend. He fights the young Segunderis, soon gains the upper hand and Segunderis has to surrender. His relative Cedar appears and challenging Castor. Shortly after 660 knights move forward and a furious battle begins. Any knight who falls from his horse drowns in the blood floating the battlefield. The Trojans capture Castor; Elianus Prince of Carthage is killed. Laomedon mourns him, swearing an oath of revenge (revenge or die). The Greeks draw back towards the sea.

Motif References:

M 161.2 Vow to revenge (king, friends, father, [husband, queen]) (or die)
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle

HvFLvT-1511: Laomedon is convinced of their victory until he meets a crying, battered messenger, who tells him that they have lost Troy. The king turns pale, nearly swoons and his whole body hurts from grief. Greek and Trojan troops again attack each other. Hercules fights furiously seeks out Laomedon and cuts off his head. Then he takes revenge on the Trojans by killing many.

Motif References:

F 1041.21.7 Swooning from grief
F 1041.21 Reactions to excessive grief
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]

HvFLvT-1570: The remaining Trojans retreat to the forest and the Greeks march into town. But they only find women and sick. They sit in the temple pray and mourn their dead. The Greeks catch the women and take them by force. Thelamon chooses princess Chionan.

Motif References:

R 10.1 Princess (maiden) abducted
R 75.1 Defeated surrender their city
S 110.10 (Bm) City and inhabitants willfully destroyed
T 450 Prostitution and concubinage

HvFLvT-1617: Dares states that the Greeks stuck to the place for another month and destroyed the fortress, they plundered robbed silver, gold, jewelry and costly garments and returned to their country. Laomedon has an only son Priamus, who has 5 sons and three daughters: Hector, Paris Helenus, Deiphobus Troylus. They are full of virtues. Hector is a strong hero, Paris remarkable handsome. Helenus is wise, Deiphobus gains riches, Troylus prowess. Hector’s prowess spreads, Paris turns to love. Helenus the wise becomes a soothsayer Troylus is good at tournament. Priamus wife is Hecuba, his eldest daughter Creusa, the second Polixena the third Cassandra. Creusa is married; Cassandra is a fortune teller and prophet. The beautiful woman prophecies Christ’s birth, the gospel and the last judgment.

Motif References:

M 301.0.1 Prophet destined never to be believed
M 363.1 Coming of Christ (Christianity) prophesied
P 555.0.1 (Si) Booty. The spoils of war.
D 1712 Soothsayer (diviner, oracle, etc.)

HvFLvT-1714: Priamus has another 30 sons who are brave warriors. They surely have different mothers. When Priamus learns that Troy is lost and his dear father killed, he abandons himself to his grief but soon swears revenge or die. He sends for his warriors, summons an army and rides to Troy. Women and children accompany the troops.

Motif References:

M 161.2 Vow to revenge (king, friends, father, [husband, queen]) (or die)

HvFLvT-1760: Priamus demands that they uproot the weeds and restore streets and buildings. A foundation is set for a big ring wall. Having Troy fortified, Priamus has a tower built on a hill; the tower called Ylion almost reaches the sky. When the craftsman Donion is finished he builds a beautiful hall near the tower, with high windows, the whitewashed walls are ornate with multicolored stones, ivory silver and gold.

Motif References:

F 760.0.1 (Bm) Extraordinarily beautiful town
F 772 Extraordinary tower.

HvFLvT-1831: The fortress becomes a praiseworthy building with six main gates. One is called Dardanides, the second Antenorides, the third Timbree, the forth Yeia and two others’ names are not known. Priamus still mourns his dead relatives and yet broods over his revenge. He thinks particularly of his sister. He summons his counselors for advice how to fulfill his sworn vengeance. He can’t forget that his sister Efiora has become Thelamon’s concubine. He decides to send a messenger to the Greek king to demand his sister back. Antenor a well known count is chosen as messenger. After seven days he arrives in Greece and approaches Pelias. He tells the king about the concubinage imposed on princess Elirera. The king sends him to Thelamon, but there he is nearly beheaded and barely escapes.

Motif References:

P 14.15.2 Court messenger
J 1358 No thanks to the messenger

HvFLvT-2000: The Trojans have a narrow escape to the sea and pass the town where Castor and Pollux live. When the messengers break the news they angrily reject him. Finally, he comes to Nestor, who is furious about the message and Antenor barely escapes his rage. They embark in their ship. After a thunderstorm, they arrive in Troy and the messenger hurries to the temple to worship for his safe return. When Priamos learns how they mistreated him, the king is furious, decides to take revenge and summons his brave heroes.

Motif References:

J 1358 No thanks to the messenger

HvFLvT-2125: Although Hector pleads for war with the Greeks, he disapproves of direct attack, since the Trojans lack ships, war machines and troops. Paris tells them his hunting adventure: when the heat was unbearable he took a rest under a tree, where a small river flows nearby. He drank from a cold well, and all of a sudden three goddesses appeared: Pallas representing wisdom, Venus, the most beautiful of women and Hera. When he chooses Venus he loses the other goddesses’ benevolence.

Motif References:

A 125.4 Beautiful goddess
A 189 Gods in relation to mortals – miscellaneous
M 242 Bargains and promises between mortals and supernatural beings
H 1596 Beauty contest
H 1596.1 Golden apple as prize in beauty contest. Judgment of Paris.

HvFLvT-2215: Paris decides to sail to Greece where the most beautiful woman lives. He promises generous rewards to those who follow him. Deiphebus Paris’ brother supports the proposition and all others join except Helenus, who fears that the unfavorable prophesies prove true. The Trojans rebuke him, by telling him to stay home and pray. Priamos summons the people to tell them of Antenor’s experiences and the approval of Paris proposition. Panthus asks the king, why he agrees to war when his own late master Enforbius had prophesied fifty years earlier that Troy would be imperiled by Paris’ feats. But Panthus just as Helenus earns only ill tempered rebukes. Paris prepares for his journey.

Motif References:

M 341 Death prophesied
M 356.1.5 (Bm) Prophecy of city’s destruction
P 426.1 Parson (priest)
J 652 Inattention to warnings

HvFLvT-2312: Cassandra learns of her father’s resolution and Paris’ departure that will bring Troy’s decline. Because her book has never betrayed her, therefore she urges them to change their mind. However, her warnings are disregarded; Paris demands that their provisions be carried to the twenty-five ships, four high born princes travel with Paris: Deiphobus, Polidorus, Antenor and Eneas. 3000 knights travel over sea prepared for war. When they arrive in Greece, they observe a ship approaching them. On board is King Menelaus and his wife Helena, who has been promised to Paris by goddess Venus. They greet each other and pass. During Menelaus’ absence, Castor and Polenx guard the country. Paris embarks on a shore adjoining to Greece near the mountain Cytherus, where Venus is worshipped in a beautiful marble temple.

Motif References:

V 10 Religious sacrifice
V 112 Temples
J 652 Inattention to warnings

HvFLvT-2429: When Paris and the heroes arrive, a celebration takes place. Those who attend are in awe about the costly attire of the Trojans and their fame spreads. When Helena hears of the strangers, she rides out with her maidens to behold the strangers. Helena beauty is so remarkable that Paris is overawed. In almost the same manner Helena inconspicuously glances at the handsome hero outstanding among the knights. They look at each other and fall in love. Paris summons his knights telling them they came to Greece to take revenge; now he has to ask for their advice, because he is eager to take Helena with him.

Motif References:

T 15 Love at first sight
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
F 575.2 Handsome man
K 2090 Other hypocritical acts

HvFLvT-2580: In the early morning, they kill many men and women in the temple, take silver, gold and precious garments and abduct the queen. They carry the spoils near the fortress, where the Greeks learn of their queen’s abduction. The Greeks prepare for battle. When they see the overpowering force, they retreat and the Trojans decide to return home immediately. After seven days they arrive at the fortress Tenedon located at seven miles distance from Troy.

Motif References:

R 10.5 (Bm) Queen abducted

HvFLvT-2651: Paris sends messengers to Priamos to inform him about the rich booty and the queen as hostage. The queen cries because of her separation from her relatives and her country. Paris comforts her promising that she will not have to suffer violence in his country. He takes care that the queen has servants according to her rank thus mollifying her. After seven days, she is almost comforted and after half a year she is in love with Paris.

Motif References:

T 10 Falling in love
P 555.0.1 (Si) Booty. The spoils of war.

HvFLvT-2756: Cassandra still grieves about Troy’s doom because of Paris. Meanwhile Menelaus hears of his wife’s abduction. He returns to his town and sends a message to his brother Agamemnon, who hurries to his aid promising revenge. They have all warriors warned about the outrage and injuries and many heroes gather. Diomedes, King Eriolus and King Naptolomus gather for council of war. They all swear to participate in the war. Agamemnon takes charge.

Motif References:

P 552.6 (Tu) Conscription of troops: summoning allies as preparation for war
P 557.0.1 (Li) Council of war

HvFLvT-2875: Castor and Pollux decide to free their sister Helena, hurriedly embark a ship that wrecks in a heavy thunderstorm and all drown. Between Trojans and Greeks a truce is negotiated. The military leaders check their forces, troops and arms.

Motif References:

R 169.1.1 (Bm) Knight rescues abducted lady.
P 558 (Bm) Truce

HvFLvT-2930: Helena is not only a beauty but also virtuous, generous, faithful and of noble character. The Greeks elect Agamemnon as judge. He is quiet and earnest of nature but also irreconcilable. His brother Menelaus has strength and endurance and is of medium height. Achilles has no equal, he is strong, a mighty eater and drinker. He is remarkably tall, often friendly but choleric of nature. Volcanus made his armor. Patroclus is a good-natured brave and joyous character, earnest, praiseworthy but sometimes sneers.

Motif References:

W 11 Generosity
W 33 Heroism
F 575 Remarkable beauty

HvFLvT-3001: Ajax Elicus is good-natured and well mannered, the second Ajax, Thelemanis, is courteous, very tall and has a rich voice. Ulixes is small but well built, clever, righteous, and straightforward. Diomedes is handsome, brave but often mendacious. Wise Nestor always has good advice but sometimes overacts in his anger. Prothesilaos is joyful, faithful and loyal. Neptolomus is well educated and of noble birth. Polimedes is small but well built, Polidamas obese, a good knight, though he is never cheerful. Machaon is uncourtly, often hateful and envious.

Motif References:

W 20 Other favorable traits of character
W 32 Bravery
W 35 Justice
W 110 Unfavorable traits of character – personal
W 185 Violence of temper
W 195 Envy

HvFLvT-3107: Briseis is well spoken, educated and full of virtues. Priamos of the Trojans is without falsehood, well mannered, generous and wise. Hector is like his father, full of virtues. He is a bit cross-eyed, and has long curly brown hair. Helenus and his twin Deiphebus are very alike in appearance but differ in their traits of character.

Motif References:

W 11 Generosity
W 20 Other favorable traits of character

HvFLvT-3185: Troylus is a remarkable warrior, good to his friends hard to his enemies. Paris surpasses the other heroes in beauty. Eneas is a stout man, virtuous, praiseworthy and well spoken with fine teeth. Antenor is remarkably tall but well built, multilingual and apt as messenger. His son Polidamas is well educated. The best of all is King Mennon, he participates in all the virtues his warriors have. Dares, the poet, has mentioned that Hecuba the wife of king Priames has thick lips unfeminine behavior but is very wise and righteous.

Motif References:

J 146.2 (Li) The educated youth

HvFLvT-3251: Creusa is their daughter, she is slender and well built with white skin, has a loud voice, long blond hair, red lips and white teeth. Cassandra is the third child; she foreknows the future of Troy. She is virtuous, generous, celibate, and often speaks of Christ, whose birth she foresees, as well as judgment day. Polixena has the prettiest shape among the three with rose-colored cheeks and lily-white skin.

Motif References:

M 301 Prophets
M 301.21 Sibyl as prophet.
M 363.1 Coming of Christ (Christianity) prophesied
A 1002 Doomsday. Catastrophes precede the Day of Judgment.

HvFLvT-3291: Many brave men gather in Troy, famous and unknown kings, nobles and warriors. At the beginning of spring, a big army gathers near Athens. From Mizene King Agamemnon brings a hundred ships, Menelaus his brother brings sixty ships out of Parthe. From Boeze and Lenor, Archelaus and Prothenor bring fifty ships. Alimus and Count Ascalafus follow with a battalion of Kumenie and thirty ships. From Focidis Herceclius and his companion Epistropus bring fifty ships. Ajax comes from Salemine provides fifty ships together with him are Darion and Polisenar, Teuzer and Theseus, Cusimacus and Nestor. Nestor brings eighty ships from Pyro. Theas brings forty from the town; Tholias thirty-three, Nerius forty-six from Caspus.

Motif References:

F 873.2 Enormous army (camp)
F 873.1.2 (Tu) Enormous fleet

HvFLvT-3345: Cantipus and Filitoas the two counts of Caledonia bring forty ships. Domerius of Crete and Merion bring sixty ships. Ulixes provides forty, Merius ten. Machaon and Polidarius, the two kings, travel to Athens and bring thirty-two ships from Tracia; Achilles brings fifty, King Theophilus sends ten. The third Ajax brings twenty ships. Euripilus comes with fifty, Canitipus of Lize brings thirteen, and Ansimacus, Lyochin and Polipite bring forty ships. Diomedes, Helenus and the handsome Cyriolus provide another forty vessels; Polidarius arrives with twenty-five, and Patroclus brings fifty ships. Altogether, the fleet has over thousand ships.

Motif References:

F 873.1.2 (Tu) Enormous fleet

HvFLvT-3420: Agamemnon the king speaks to the troops and demands they make armor out of plows. Such a disgrace never happened to their forefathers and therefore he pleads for revenge. He suggests selecting a hero to go to Apollo’s temple and give a donation for a successful war. Achilles volunteers to go to Delphi. Together with Patroclus, he travels to Delphi, sacrifices, and worships Apollo. He prays and reads, as is the custom. The god speaks to him that it will happen to Troy as it happened to them before with Hercules. The author remarks that the heathen god is the devil, a demon who speaks from the image and the Greeks worship him as a god.

Motif References:

V 127 Image of deity in wood (stone) [metal]
A 178 God as prophet
A 182.3 God (angel) speaks to mortal
G 303.8.14 Devils dwell in heathen idols, as well as portraits and images
D 1311.7 Oracular image

HvFLvT-3512: Paris, who is eager to learn his future, has sent the Trojan soothsayer Calchas to the sanctuary. The god reveals that the Greeks will take revenge. Apollo advises Calchas to work for the Greeks as soothsayer (to read, sing and write) and remain with them, otherwise he will be lost. It happens that he meets Achilles and Patroclus. When he tells them that Apollo advised him to work as the Greeks’ diviner Achilles is overjoyed and leads him to their hostel. The next day the two ride to Athens where they are well received. Achilles reports the god’s answers. They welcome Calchas cordially. From this day on Calcas works as the Greeks’ diviner. He foretells day and hour when the warriors will go to battle, he reads the planets and teaches that goddess Diana has to be mollified otherwise they will be ill fated. Now they all worship Diana and make sacrifices.

Motif References:

A 178 God as prophet
A 182.3 God (angel) speaks to mortal
A 182.3.5 God advises mortal
M 310 Favorable prophecies
D 1810.9 Magic knowledge from God

HvFLvT-3620: When all is prepared for the ceremony Agamemnon personally rides to the mountain Yda to make sacrifices. The army commanded by Filitos prepares for departure. They cross the sea, disembark near a fortress, and attack it, although they suffer casualties soon they precede to Thenedon. The inhabitants close their doors and hang their shields on the battlements. The Greeks place the fortress under siege. The defenders shoot with stone catapults, and hang their shields on the pinnacles. A furious battle begins between the attackers and defenders of the fortress. However, the Greek army gains victory. They plunder, take food, silver garments, jewels; neither children nor women survive. Then they take quarters in the fortress.

Motif References:

V 10 Religious sacrifice
P 550.1.1 (Li) Aggression: rebellion; usurpation; invasion; assault
P 552.4 War-machines
P 557.0.4 (Li) Siege

HvFLvT-3700: King Agamemnon advises proceeding further without any misconduct and the main target is Paris on whom they will take revenge He decides to send messengers to demand the return of Helena; In case they release her, the Greeks promise to have mercy on them if not, they will take revenge. The nobles appreciate the advice. Ulixes Diomedes and their knights ride to Troy. When they arrive in town they approach the palace, where a golden tree grows. Although it has many branches its trunk is very small. They dismount their horses and tie them to the tree. Then they approach the king and give their message. Priamus answers in dismay that he would send Helena in exchange for his sister Hesione; he mentions Antenor’s fate and what happened to him in Greece.

Motif References:

P 14.15.2 Court messenger

HvFLvT-3815: Diomedes threatens to bring the entire Greek army and devastate the country. When the Trojan knights hear his words they want to seize him but the king saves the messenger’s life to retain the custom. Eneas believes that the Greeks are treated too kindly because he is convinced that Trojan messengers would be blinded and burnt when in Greece. The messengers return and dispatch King Priamos’ answer. Achilles and the brave Thelaus together with 3000 men invade the country of Messin, plunder and burn. King Theucer challenges the Greeks. Achilles fights with him, knocks him to the ground and wounds him severely. Although Thelaus hurries to beg Achilles to have mercy on the king, he comes too late; the king is already lethally wounded. When lying on the ground, he calls for Thelefus, Hercules’ son, naming him as his successor. He is to prepare a funeral and perform honorable funeral rites. Thelafus does as he is asked and becomes lord over country and fortress.

Motif References:

P 12 Character of kings
P 17 Succession to the throne
P 17.3 Dying king names successor
V 60 Funeral rites

HvFLvT-3959: Achilles rides back to the army; Thelafus has to stay behind, to write it down. Pyndarus of Sicily, King Glaucon and his brother Sarpedon, Priamos’ relatives provide an army of 3000 knights. The hero Eucemus based in Lauconie comes with a thousand knights. King Remus arrives with seven counts, four dukes and many knights. They all wear the same coat of arms. King Pretemisus and his nephew Crepeus bring a thousand knights. Nobles from near and afar gather bringing a thousand knights each. King Philemenis’ country is so far away that he has to ride for one month and three weeks to reach Troy. He carries a coat of arms ornate with jewels found in the rivers of paradise. The king of Morlant, Xerses, together with his brother Mennon, Theseus and his son Archilogus are Priamos’ relatives. King Pistropleus comes from his country full of curative herbs. All nobles gather for many different motivations: friendship, chivalry, love, kinship.

Motif References:

W 212 Eagerness for combat
F 715 Extraordinary river

HvFLvT-4090: All knights have to follow Hector, who is the chief commander. His fellows guard the moats and gates: One side guards Antenor, the second Troylus, another side Deiphebus one Polidamas, another side Eneas. Agamennon and the Greeks arrive at Thenedon. They gather for a council of war. Many nobles speak up to state their opinion. They debate the military strategy. On the next morning, they sail to Troy. The guard on the moat sees the fleet coming. In dismay, he calls out for the other guards and the people in the fortress are quickly alerted. They put on arms and ride to the shore. The first hundred ships have arrived and the Greeks try to disembark but are distracted by the Trojans who fight them back. They shoot with arrows, a furious battle begins and the sea reddens with blood.

Motif References:

P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
P 557.0.1 (Li) Council of war
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle

HvFLvT-4245: More than 600 Greeks drown. Prothefilaus fights bravely on the shore. Many Greeks die on the shore and the dying have no time to inform the others behind of the overpowering Trojan force. Archelaus and Prothenor arrive with their ships and are aghast. They try to attack the fortress but the Trojans defend their realm with stone catapults and missiles. One by one, the fleets arrive and are forced to retreat. When Ulixes rows to the shore, he notices thousands of Greek corpses afloat on the sea. The Trojans attack his ship and Philomenis charges him as soon he sets foot on the shore. They beat each other with their swords but finally Ulixes kills the Trojan hero. His men mourn him loudly and want to take him in, but Ulixes would not have it, defending the corpse with his sword wounding many.

Motif References:

P 552.4 War-machines

HvFLvT-4431: Thoas, Ajax, King Agamemnon and his brother Menelaus force their ships on shore. All engage in a furious battle with the Trojans. They fight in a circle outside the town gates. Many men but no Greek nobles are killed. The king of Morlant comes out of the fortress and shoots his arrows, piercing a knight’s armor like wax. With their bows they push the Greeks back to the sea. Polimedes enlivens the Greek courage, promising honor. He notices a Moorish noble with the name of Sicamor and seizes him, wounding him severely with his spear. Polimedes carries on without rest to take revenge on the Trojans. Under his banner, three hundred Trojans are killed.

Motif References:

P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War

HvFLvT-4545: Hector comes upon Prothefilanus, attacks him with heavy blows, and finally kills him. The Greeks mourn their hero. But Hector still rages among the Greeks, hacking hands and feet off the warriors. Soon Achilles comes forward taking his turn to rage and kill, with him a retinue of three hundred knights. They hunt Hector until he has to retreat to the city gate. In the evening Hector and his warriors withdraw to the fortress while the Greeks camp outside. Agamennon has them fell trees to make a fence. They build walls and a roof. On the next morning, the Trojans have their armor and shields brought; they pitch their banners and wake up all Trojans to announce war all over town. They blow their horns and gather at the main gate. Hector takes his choice among the nobles, who would be best in front. The king advises choosing King Glaucon and his brother Sarpedon.

Motif References:

P 552 Battle formations
F 628.2 Strong man kills men

HvFLvT-4661: Hector has a half-brother with the name of Cicillanor, a brave warrior. Theseus and his son Archilogus, Mices and the brave Cantipus, King Alchamus and Troylus command the troops. Hector becomes judge, Remus sends supporting troops. The brave Polidamus of Penoic and King Pretemisus are lead by Deiphebus. Fion has a silver chariot decorated with gold and ivory and jewels worth 1000 pounds. Hector puts Pytagoras as leader over Phione and Esdram. Hector begs Eneas to take Eusem the old with his troops. All prepare for battle; they have missiles and crossbows. Hector speaks to his ten brothers choosing them for his personal security. Twenty thousand Trojans follow Hector. Hector’s marvelous battle horse is a gift sent by Penthesilea. Hector has altogether thirty brothers and sisters, in the end only three remain alive.

Motif References:

Z 201.1 (Bm) Hero’s famous horse
P 552 Battle formations

HvFLvT-4855: Agamemnon and Achilles lead the Greeks, many kings and heroes participate; altogether many hundred thousand warriors are prepared. Both parties are eager for battle and not afraid. Hector rides in front of his troops and soon they all engage in a furious combat. Patroclus is wounded severely and falls down dead. Hector hauls his dead body about and takes away his mail. Merion comes to the scene, begins to hit Hector knocking him to the ground; when he tries to take him prisoner, King Glaucon interferes. Theseus and his son Archilogus come to Hector’s aid. Glaucon defeats Merion. Hector steps over Patroclus’ dead body cuts a path through the warriors and when he has enough space, he takes all of Patroclus’ belongings. Merion does not hesitate and pursues Hector knocking down more than ten Trojans on his way. Hector turns covering himself with his shield, furiously attacks the Greeks and kills fourteen. Again, Merion almost succeeds in taking him prisoner but Cicillanor notices Hector’s distress and hurries to his help.

Motif References:

S 139.2.2 Other indignities to corpse
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]

HvFLvT-5070: Hector recovers and returns to the battlefield to take revenge on Merion. While Hector watches for Merion, the Greeks Menesteus arrives with his troops but Troylus, Hector’s brother, and other Trojans join in a furious battle. Menesteus of Athens is defeated; Troylus is unhorsed but manages to mount his horse. The Trojans are injured. Sometimes the Greeks, sometimes the Trojans gain the upper hand. Hector in his battle rage cuts and hits all who stand in his way. He leads his brother Troylus to the fortress gate.

Motif References:

F 1084 Furious battle [fight]

HvFLvT-5165: Several skirmishes between the enemies take place, the battlefield reddens with Greek blood. Menelaus in dismay about the Greek casualties promises to take revenge or die. He storms to the battlefield and encounters Remus, immediately they attack each other. Meanwhile Polidamas kills Merion and King Celidis. Hector beats Theucer, and Thelamus attacks Polidamus and takes him prisoner. Theseus appears and challenges Hector. When Hector sees that they lead Polidamas away he pursues the Greeks in rage killing thirty in passing. Thelamos Epistropus and Menelaus attack him together; when he almost is defeated, his ten brothers save him. Hector cuts off Amphimacos’ head: the Greeks mourn him. Renewed skirmishes, the corpses lie in heaps. Quintilion and Rodomerius notice Theseus’ prowess and catch him, but Hector begs for mercy having pity on Theseus’ youth.

Motif References:

W 11.5 Generosity toward enemy
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle

HvFLvT-5422: The battle goes back and forth; Hector’s tenth brother is slain. Hector rages among the Greeks like a hungry lion taking revenge for his brother’s death, the remaining nine aid him. Nestor the old Esdras and others want to stop the furious Hector, but in vain. Many are killed. Hector and Polidamas Deiphebus fight against Menelaus and Thelamon; many Trojan casualties are to mourn. Eneas interferes with his party. Ajax strikes many brave blows; Philithoas aids him when he notices his life in danger. The corpses cover the ground. Filithoas challenges Hector and is wounded severely. Finally, the Greeks force the Trojans to retreat to their town gate. Helena and the ladies watch the battle from the moats. Paris fights with the King of Pyse and kills him. When Ulixes sees that Paris has killed his nephew, he pushes towards him, but Hector Deiphebus, Polimas, and others defend him. Because of Ajax and Hector, the Trojans are able to recover and push the Greeks back to their camp.

Motif References:

F 628.2 Strong man kills men

HvFLvT-5690: Hector summons a council of war asking for advice because of the overpowering Greek force. However, the Trojans do not yield and again the battle arises. King Hunes wounds Hector over the eye and Hector cuts off his head. Eight thousand Trojans storm out of the town gates. Ajax and Hector rage among the Greek army, together with Paris and the Persian king. Hector rides into the mass of fighting warriors killing many. Merion encounters him knocking him off his horse. Hector begs Ajax to lead all the relatives safely to the town. After sun down the Trojans retreat to the fortress, the townsfolk is overjoyed when they see Hector still alive.

Motif References:

P 557.0.1 (Li) Council of war
N 746 Accidental meeting of cousins

HvFLvT-6000: During the meal, the ladies rate the fighters, they all agree upon that Hector had been bravest but Paris comes near in prowess. Troylus, Deiphebus and Polidamas have earned their share of praise. On the next morning, Hector hurries the heroes to the battlefield. Greek messengers arrive to plead for a two-month truce. Hector grants it. Greeks and Trojans perform their funeral rites. Achilles mourns his companion Patroclus. He has the corpse laid out in a marble tomb inscribing how he fought bravely and was slain. Agamemnon has Prothefilaus buried in a marble tomb with golden letters singing his praise. The Greek are not able to bury their dead within ten days. King Priamus has his son buried in a marble tomb near the temple. Cassandra when seeing all the dead heroes prays for the safety of her brothers and curses Helena and her abduction. Her mother begs her to keep silent. Hector fortifies the town and inspects his troops.

Motif References:

V 60 Funeral rites
V 153 (Hi) Heroes’ grave
M 341 Death prophesied
M 400 Curses
P 558 (Bm) Truce
J 642 Foolishness of surrendering weapons

HvFLvT-6208: In the Greek camp, Duke Polimedes doubts Agamemnon’s qualities as a leader and judge, his prowess and ambition are not enough. When the truce is over Agamemnon is the first with his troops followed shortly by Achilles and Diomedes, after that comes Menelaus. Hector gathers his warriors and storms out the gates; the ladies watch them. A furious battle arises. Soon the dead bodies cover the battlefield. Achilles is the bravest of the Greek warriors; he was raised and educated by Chiron the centaur. Achilles encounters Hector, who knocks him to the ground. The earth shakes from his fall but quickly he jumps up again. He injures Hector’s battle horse but Hector takes revenge by charging him. Paris fights with Menelaus, Hector kills Boetes Archilogus tries to take revenge, nearly kills Hector but is finally defeated.

Motif References:

F 628.4 Strong man’s mighty spear-cast (sword blow) [pole-blow]
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]

HvFLvT-6456: The Greeks have to suffer injuries and casualties. When Achilles becomes aware of their defeat he grows furious. He hits every Trojan in his range and beyond. He splits Doroschalcus in two together with his horse. Troylus, Paris and Polidamas try to kill him, but in vain. Meanwhile Hector charges Protheneor and defeats and kills him. The Greeks have to suffer injuries and casualties. When Achilles becomes aware of their defeat, he grows furious. He hits every Trojan in his range and beyond. He splits Doroschalcus in two together with his horse. Troylus, Paris and Polidamas try to kill him, but in vain. Meanwhile Hector charges Protheneor and defeats and kills him. The Greeks demand the corpse but the Trojans refuse and the battle goes on. A thousand Trojans have to die for the dead body of Prothenor. At sundown, they quit for the night. They mourn their dead. The next morning the heroes mount their horses and the battle starts again. The Trojans most notably Hector fight very bravely. Hector encounters Agamemnon, Achilles interferes battering his helmet but Troylus, and Eneas save him although Achilles hits all within his reach. However, he has to suffer heavy blows too and Diomedes attacks Eneas to distract him from Achilles. Hector attacks the brave Diomedes; all of a sudden, the brave Greek Kings and heroes gather and fight with their Trojan opponents. Menelaus beats Paris to the ground, Helena who watches the battle is in dismay. Again, Hector and Achilles charge each other, Achilles gains the upper hand but his half brothers save him again. Thoas is captured. Paris rides out with his bow and kills many. Paris aims at Menelaus hits him but he pulls out the arrow and rides to his men asking them if his wound is lethal.

Motif References:

V 60 Funeral rites
F 628.4 Strong man’s mighty spear-cast (sword blow) [pole-blow]

HvFLvT-7100: Menelaus requests Ajax to act for him at the battlefield, thus sending him out to take revenge on Paris. Hector notices and requests Eneas to watch over him. However, all of a sudden Menelaus jumps up and attacks Paris beating him to the ground. Eneas pulls him behind the lines, but the Greeks pursue him towards the town gates. Hector notices the Greeks attack and aids them. He pushes the Greeks back towards their camp. The battle lasts until nightfall. Hector’s family receives him cordially. They dress his wounds. Helena is overjoyed that Paris survived the combat with Menelaus. Priamus summons his counselors, who gather in the court hall: Paris Hector Troylus, Antenor Deiphebus Polidamas. The king inquires how to treat Thoas their prisoner. If they should burn, blind, bind or hang him. Eneas reproaches the king’s propositions, Hector wants to postpone the verdict, and Priamus accepts their advice.

Motif References:

R 5 Capture on field of battle

HvFLvT-7289: The four heroes Troylus, Eneas, Anthenor and Polidamas visit Helena in the ladies’ chamber. Queen Hecuba admonishes the heroes to fight honorably. Then they have their meal and mourn their dead in almost the same manner as the Greeks in their camp. The next morning the battle continues. Achilles well armed, rides to meet Hector but the giant Hupos encounters him, but eventually Achilles kills him and his horse at the same time. Every single spot on the space from the castle to the sea is covered with corpses. King Orcamenis encounters Hector, who defeats him and several others who challenge him. The Greek twins Epistropus and Cedius enter the battlefield, attack Hector, who kills Epistropus and wounds Cedius. The latter takes revenge by knocking Hector down, but he quickly jumps up killing the second twin too.

Motif References:

P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
P 556.0.1 (Bm) Challenge to single combat [feud]
F 628.2.3 Strong man kills giant
P 681 Mourning customs
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
F 1084.1.1 (Tu) Heaps of corpses after furious battle

HvFLvT-7596: Menelaus, Ulixes, Achilles and many other Greek heroes give each other leeway and rage among the Trojans. However, the brothers Hector and Paris counterattack the Greeks. At this time, the wise Pystropus educated in the seven liberal arts arrives in Troy. He comes from the land of Amazons. From the navel downwards, he has the body of a horse, he is swift as a stag, has skin and furs like a cat’s, though his head, hands and upper body are human. He has a black complexion, black eyes and carries a magic bow, which pierces shield and body. He kills the Greek Polixenus and Diomedes in dismay advises them to surround him. Now they charge him from all sides and finally the Greek heroes kill him. With the death of the centaur, the Greek gain the upper hand. Again, Achilles and Hector engage in furious single combat. Achilles mounts his horse but deters Hector from mounting his by taking his horse by the bridle. Hector charges him on foot, but Achilles rides on. Hector’s stepbrothers win the horse back but capture Antenor. Then the battle ceases for the evening.

Motif References:

R 5 Capture on field of battle
B 21.4 (Bm) Half man, half horse as archer
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
F 831 Extraordinary arrow [and quiver]

HvFLvT-7851: Agamemnon summons his counselors asking for advice because of Antenor’s capture. He wants to exchange Antenor for Thoas. He decides to send messengers, and praise the proposition. The next morning the battle continues. The blood flows to the sea like a big stream. Both parties retreat for night mourning their casualties. The Greek diviner Calchas advises to negotiate for peace to treat their wounds and recover. Agamemnon approves and the Greeks decide to send two crafty men as messengers: Ulixes and Diomedes. When they ride towards town in the darkness they me the Trojan spy Dolon, who calls out to meet them. The Greeks inform him about the message, and he leads them courteously to the hall. Respectfully they present their message to the king. All approve except Hector, who specifies the disadvantages: the Greeks will eat their provisions, whereas the Trojans are denied to send out ships thus all their profits are gone. He proposes a fourteen-day peace to bury their dead. Finally, they approve and the messengers return to the Greek camp to report to Agamemnon.

Motif References:

P 557 Military customs
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle

HvFLvT-8105: The next morning they begin with their funeral rites. They solemnize two different funeral rites. The ancient form is to build up a funeral pyre and to throw in the corpse in the burning pyre. The ash is collected and preserved. The other more common form nowadays is to bury the dead in a grave. Otherwise the surviving Greeks would have died from the evil smell of the corpses. In the third week both parties hold a council. Calchas airs his grievance that his daughter Briseis, who lives in Troy has to suffer a great deal of annoyance because they slander her father as renegade although it had been the god’s command. So they decide to demand Briseis. Achilles rides to Hector. Hector is elegantly clad, his garments a present from Penthesilea who loves him. Achilles tells him that he still mourns Patroclus, still suffers from the great loss that Hector has caused. He threatens to take revenge one day. Hector, provoked, rebukes him and Achilles grows furious and calls out for his horse and armor to take revenge for the insult. Since this would mean violation of peace they both part ashamed. Priamos reprimands his son, Agamemnon rebukes Achilles.

Motif References:

V 69 Funeral rites – miscellaneous
M 205 Breaking of bargains and promises
F 882.1 Extraordinary funeral pyre
K 2129 Slanders – miscellaneous

HvFLvT-8306: Calchas begs Troylus to give him his daughter, but Briseis is Troylus’ beloved, he had forsaken his gods because of her. Briseis is in dismay when she learns that she has to leave, because she loves Troylus. Although they both refuse to separate, the king exhorts Troylus to manly behavior and he has piled up her precious garments ornate with gold and jewels from the rivers of paradise. They are loaded on a horse. All the ladies start to cry when Briseis departs. Troylus swears that he will never marry another woman. Menestues, Thelamon, Diomedes, Ulixes and others go to meet her. Diomedes immediately falls in love when seeing her beauty and declares his love. Briseis, in dismay, tries to console him hurrying to her father. When she accuses him he prophesies that it will be better for her being with him because the town is doomed, no rock will remain on top of the other.

Motif References:

T 15 Love at first sight
M 135 Vow never to remarry
F 162.2.1 The four rivers of paradise
M 356.1.5 (Bm) Prophecy of city’s destruction

HvFLvT-8693: Both parties recover from the damage and injuries of the war. They repair armor and mail and prepare again for battle. Agamemnon meets Hector and the battle becomes furious; heaps of corpses gather. Achilles attacks Troylus and Hector until they have to retreat to their city gates. However, Achilles kills Merion and the Trojans hurry towards him. Troylus injures Menelaus, but Diomedes saves him, taking Troylus’ horse to bring it to Briseis. After several skirmishes, Troylus knocks Diomedes down. Nevertheless, Achilles charges him, Hector and his stepbrothers, who appear to help Troylus. After many losses two stepbrothers are killed, both parties decide to negotiate for a six-month truce. The heroes have their wounds treated and recover; the dead are buried.

Motif References:

V 69.1 All dead are buried after battle
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
F 1084.1.1 (Tu) Heaps of corpses after furious battle

HvFLvT-9195: Priamus has his two dead sons buried in marble tombs. The ladies Andromache, Hecuba, Polixena and Helena bring an ointment for Hector’s wounds. Hector has an extraordinary chamber studded with jewels light as day: Jaspis, rubies, sapphires, topaz, beryl, calzedon, sardonix, carbuncle. Herbs give fine scent. The furniture is excellently crafted. Four pillars decorate the chamber, one manufactured from jaspis with several animals carved in, the second a diamond that shines brightly, the third a ruby, and the fourth an onichillus. Four artisans worked it. On two of the pillars, two maidens looking almost alive laid out in jewels are displayed. On the others, two young men are throwing four sharp knives back and forth. Whoever comes there forgets his sorrows. The third pillar depicts a maiden that endlessly throws flowers to the ground; their scent is so sweet that the injured soon heal. The forth pillar shows everything that is happening on the earth. The devil speaks from it. It can foresee the future. Hector remains in the chamber until he is well again and then Paris goes in. When he came from Greece with Helena he had been in the chamber as well.

Motif References:

V 153 (Hi) Heroes’ grave
F 774 Extraordinary pillars
F 781 Extraordinary rooms
D 1331.1 Object gives magic sight
D 1359.3 Magic object causes joy

HvFLvT-9390: When Hector has recovered and peace is granted, the Greeks start to challenge the reasons of the war. Diomedes grows lovesick because of Briseis. He meets her and declares his love, but she rejects both his gifts and his love. Diomedes explains that he honorably fights as knight in service of a lady and eventually she gives him a piece of silk which he ties on his spear shaft. Again, the battle begins and the dead bodies cover the battlefield. Therefore, Agamemnon sends a message to Priamus to negotiate a peace. King Priamus knows that mischief approaches near as Cassandra had prophesied. He knows that Hector soon will be killed because he had a prophetic dream, but he does not disclose it yet. Moreover, Andromeda Hector’s wife had a prophetic dream about Hector’s death; in her despair, she is not able to hold it back but expresses it openly. She tells her husband that she has foreseen great harm for him and their kingdom, she begs him to let the others fight but stay home, for their children’s sake. Hector grows angry loathing the very idea. He must not stay and send his men to battle. He wants to fight side by side with his brothers and survive or die together with his men.

Motif References:

T 24.1 Love-sickness
P 52.2 (Li) Knight in service of a lady
M 161.2 Vow to revenge (king, friends, father, [husband, queen]) (or die)
P 558 (Bm) Truce
D 1812.3.3 Future revealed in dream

HvFLvT-9700: So both Trojan and Greek heroes are prepared. Hector mounts his horse, and his desperate wife grabs his bridle and stirrup pleading with him to stay home. When she cries out in her despair, all ladies hurry to her, Cassandra screams but it’s all in vain, Hector doesn’t yield. Andromeda grows mad with despair, tears her hair and clothes, pleading with her husband. When Hector still denies her will, she runs to the hall to meet the king. Priamus knows that Hector rides to his doom, so he weeps together with Andromeda. Finally, the king mounts his horse desperately trying to deter his son, begging him to wait until the next morning. However, Hector grows furious pricks his horse and swiftly rides out of town. Priamus screams in his grief, but demands that all the male citizens put on armor and ride out.

Motif References:

F 1041.8.2 Madness from grief

HvFLvT-9871: The Greek heroes encounter them. A furious battle begins. Troylus charges Diomedes because of Briseis. The latter pierces Troylus, but the Trojan hits his enemy with his sword wounding him deeply. Observant Menelaus saves him; the other Greek heroes crowd the Trojan. He has to retreat shortly but comes round again. All fight bravely. Paris shoots with his bow, the Greeks take to flight. Achilles observes it with anger, storming in rage among the Trojans. Troylus and other heroes retreat, Achilles kills Priamus’ bastard son Margaritus. The body is disposed of and the observing Trojans cry out loud in their grief. Hector grows furious about their fear of Achilles. Meanwhile his brother dies, and Hector mounts his horse, although his father, the king, tries to hold him back. Within the short time Hector did not participate in the battle many Trojans are killed, although Eneas worked many deeds of prowess,. The Greek heroes push the remaining Trojan warriors back, aware that Hector remains in the fortress. All the Trojan women start to wail about the losses. When Hector hears it he wrathfully mounts his horse. He beats the retreating Trojans with his spear shaft pushing them outside.

Motif References:

F 873.0.1 Battle rage
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]

HvFLvT-10224: Outside the fortress, Hector sees many Trojans killed in action, but the survivors follow him. The Greeks suffer his fury; many casualties are to mourn. The women on the moats shout to make him return to the fortress, but he continues raging among the Greeks. Meanwhile the Greeks capture the Trojan Polidamas. Hector pursues the captors, killing the young Politetes, who is engaged to Achilles’ sister. When Hector takes off the dead warrior’s mail Achilles hurries to meet him. He challenges him and demands that they should fight for Achilles’ armor. Hector and Achilles attack each other like a lion and a bear. Achilles comes out on top knocking Hector to the ground. Hector grows pale his eyes glaze over and he dies. Achilles praises his enemy.

Motif References:

R 5 Capture on field of battle
Z 292 Death of hero [heroine]
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
P 556.0.1 (Bm) Challenge to single combat [feud]

HvFLvT-10429: When the Trojans become aware of Hector’s death, they all cry out throwing down their banners. Achilles kills five hundred. All the Trojans bemoan Hector. They take his body and carry him inside the fortress. His father falls over his body almost dying in his grief. Paris tears his clothes, screaming so loudly that no one is able to hear his own voice. He falls over his brother’s body wallowing in his blood so that Helena has to pull him away. Troylus and all the brothers, Eneas, Polidamas, his mother Hecuba, his wife Andromeda all pay their respects and show their grief. Andromeda tears her clothes, pulls out her hair and lacerates her face. Bystanders prevent her attempts to commit suicide. Helena babbles half words, his sister Polixena screams like mad. Then they pull off his mail, wash his body with wine, anoint him with herbs and oil, and dress him in precious silk garments and jewels. His body is laid out on a expensive stretcher on a silk spread, on which Plato’s words are inscribed.

Motif References:

F 628.2.1 Strong man kills many men at once
P 681 Mourning customs
F 788 Remarkable bier
F 1041.21.6 Tearing hair and clothes from excessive grief
F 1041.8.2 Madness from grief

HvFLvT-10696: The next morning Agamemnon tells his warriors that now, they have repaid Paris’ abduction of Helena. Achilles is badly injured. Therefore, he pleads for a truce. Messengers are sent and truce is negotiated for fifteen days. They bury their dead and Priamus summons his counselors to seek advice concerning Hector’s funeral. Near the gate called Tymbree is a temple of Phebus: all advise to bury Hector’s body there. The temple shines with gold, silver and jewels. Three stonecutters designed the nearby tomb. Four pillars hold the vault inlaid with gold and jewels. The pillars record the world’s future. The precious pillars are made of ruby and almetine. On the shiny floor, they spread out herbs and lay Hectors’ body to rest. Four candles burn, two near his head and the other two at his feet. Inscriptions round the tomb praise Hector’s bravery and detail the sad story of the Trojan War. Then the mourning Trojans bury Hector. After their return to town people still mourn and wail about their loss.

Motif References:

P 558 (Bm) Truce
F 774 Extraordinary pillars
F 778 (Bm) Extraordinary tomb

HvFLvT-10848: Among the Greeks, some warriors entertain doubts about Agamemnon’s aptitude as overlord. He is not strong, wise or noble enough for the position. They decide to elect a more qualified man. Agamemnon replies that he is their chosen overlord and leader because of his brother Menelaus. If they choose a more fitting man, he gladly accepts their choice. To the great annoyance of Achilles, they choose Palimedes. Priamus promises great reward for the warrior who takes revenge for Hector and kills Achilles. On the next morning, the battle begins again after the truce. Palimedes takes his new duty very seriously riding in front. Because of the many warriors killed in action both parties again plead for truce to bury their dead. Priamus mourns the Persian king’s death, Paris advises having him buried in his own country. They wrap his body with fine silk and herbs and bring him to his country where the funeral rites are celebrated.

Motif References:

V 69.1 All dead are buried after battle
P 558 (Bm) Truce

HvFLvT-11095: In Troy a famine spreads. Palimedes advises to beg Agamemnon to provide for food. Together with his people he rides to Thesidas, where Theseus rules begging him for provisions. Theseus grants it generously. In Troy, desperate King Priamus mourns Hector and holds the commemoration ceremonies. Achilles attends, notices Polixena and immediately falls in love, even becoming lovesick. In a monologue, he expresses his emotions. Now he even regrets having killed Hector. They recount the story of Narcissus, who bent over a well caught sight of his own picture, mistaking the image for a beautiful woman. Achilles feels he would rather die than suffer the pains of love. He would give anything for love; and whatever the beloved would demand, he would joyfully fulfill. He calls out for a page and tells him of his love to Polixena. He must have her or die. He sends the messenger to Troy to tell the queen that he wants to marry her daughter and regrets Hector’s death. For Polixena he promises that the Trojans may keep their country. He will take her to his own and treat her like a queen, give her gold silver and jewels. The emissary presents his message to Hecuba. The queen promises to consult with the king, and promises the answer for the third day after.

Motif References:

W 11 Generosity
T 15 Love at first sight
T 24.1 Love-sickness
T 51 Wooing by emissary
F 969.7 Famine

HvFLvT-11338: When Achilles receives the message he has second thoughts. His moods change between hope and despair. Meanwhile Priamus answers when asked by the queen, that he rather become a stone than give his daughter to Achilles. Unless Achilles gives them surety that they will have peace and the Greeks demobilize. Although Achilles is not his daughter’s equal, he will grant the marriage for reasons of state. When the messenger arrives to receive his answer he accidentally meets Polixena in the hall and tells her of Achilles love handing over Achilles’ presents. Then the messenger approaches the queen, receives the message and quickly returns to Achilles. The latter is overjoyed and rewards the messenger. Now Achilles draws up a plan, summons the Greek lords for the next morning. He tells them that they are in the sixth year now and pleads for demobilization. The two war parties are even because both Thelamus took Hesione and Paris abducted Helena. The Duke of Athens rebukes him, calling it cowardice. They grow angry and start to attack each other. Meanwhile the young Greek warrior Resus provokes Deiphebus who kills him, while shouting his battle cry. Now other Trojan warriors come out and fight the Greeks killing many. Both leaders try to settle the conflict.

Motif References:

T 131.1.2 Father’s consent to son’s (daughter’s) marriage necessary

HvFLvT-11595: Several skirmishes later see Deiphebus lethally wounded by Palimedes. When Paris bends over his dying brother, he makes him promise to avenge him. Paris promises vengeance or death. He takes his bow and arrows and returns to the battlefield. Meanwhile Palimedes has fought among the Trojans. Paris shoots his arrows wounding and killing many. Palimedes alerts the Greek heroes to stop Paris but in vain. The Greek commander is killed and the Greeks driven to their ships, suffering losses. The attacking Trojans burn several ships and Achilles his men refuse to fight. Paris fights furiously. The prince of Thracia approaches Achilles in his tent rebuking him for not participating in the battle. Messengers appear who beg him to help the Greeks.. Their ships are burned so they cannot return to Greece, but all is futile because Achilles does not answer their pleas or insults. The Greeks owe it to Ajax’s bravery and the nightfall that they retain some of their ships. Paris returns to the city gate where Deiphebus still lies mortally wounded. He begs to be buried at Hector’s side. When Paris pulls out the spear from his bother’s body, Deiphebus dies.

Motif References:

M 161.2 Vow to revenge (king, friends, father, [husband, queen]) (or die)
P 251.3.1 Brothers strive to avenge each other
K 2350 Military strategy

HvFLvT-11959: The Trojans carry the dead Sarpedus into town, King and queen come to see their dead son and start screaming, they mourn Sarpedus. The Greeks are without commander and the wise Nestor advises to reinstall Agamemnon. The Greeks agree fight for one week and plead for a six-month truce. A marble tomb holds the remains of Polidamas; inscriptions retell his life praising his bravery and prowess. They bury Deiphebus and Sarpedon in Troy. Agamemnon advises finding out what Achilles desires to make him willing to fight again. The lovesick Achilles receives them well. Ulixes and Nestor beg him to aid the Greeks who have to suffer defeat without him. However, Achilles still refuses to yield. Diomedes is aware of the symptoms of love-sickness. After a council, they decide to leave Troy according to Achilles will. Nevertheless, Calchas rebukes them saying that Troy is doomed to decline. So they all prepare for battle the next day. At daybreak, the battle begins again.

Motif References:

T 24 The symptoms of love
V 153 (Hi) Heroes’ grave
M 356.1.5 (Bm) Prophecy of city’s destruction
P 557.0.1 (Li) Council of war

HvFLvT-12445: Troylus and Paris still rage among the Trojans. Troylus and Diomedes challenge each other. The Trojan hero wounds his Greek opponent severely and even mocks him for having to suffer injuries because of a woman. Accidentally Agamemnon hears his words and grows furious. Meanwhile Troylus cuts Diomedes head off. The Greeks are defeated for the day and return to their camp in desperation. They send messengers to plead for a truce and achieve six months. Briseis approaches the wounded Diomedes telling him that his love has mystified her. Although she has loved Troylus dearly, she has to admit that he had consented to her exile. She wishes for his recovery. Agamemnon and Nestor rack their brains how to persuade Achilles to fight. When they ride to his tent lamenting their losses he tells them that he will not yield, but he will give them his men in the last week before the end of the truce. They all prepare for battle. Achilles sends his knights but he stays in his tent. Troylus fights with several Greek heroes; even Nestor challenges him and gains the upper hand. Troylus is knocked down and furthermore the horses tread him down. The bastard son of Priamos hurries to his aid but poor Mararitus soon is killed. Then Polidemas, Philemenis and Paris rush in. Agamemnon Thelmus and Diomedes encounter each other. Troylus recovers and cuts on all sides, slaying a hundred.

Motif References:

P 556.0.1 (Bm) Challenge to single combat [feud]
P 558 (Bm) Truce
F 628.2.1 Strong man kills many men at once

HvFLvT-12785: The Greeks are almost defeated, although Ajax spurs them with pleas and insults. Both parties retreat for the night. King and Queen receive their brave son Troylus well. The royal family disarms him and anoints him. Polixena informs him of Briseis and Calchas’ deceit. Meanwhile Achilles has to suffer a bad time, his love-sickness tortures him and the losses of many of his knights. Agamemnon pleads for truce, and achieves it. They bury their dead, treat their wounds, and prepare for battle. The next day ends with many losses among the Greeks because Troylus rages furiously among them. The next week Troylus rages on and Ajax negotiates a truce. They bury their dead and when the truce seizes they prepare for battle. Menelaus fights with Paris, Polidamas with Menelaus; Agamemnon kills Philemenis, many skirmishes. When Emilius Priamos’ bastard son is slain, the Trojans grow mad with fury and drive the Greeks back to their ships.

Motif References:

T 24.1 Love-sickness
V 69.1 All dead are buried after battle

HvFLvT-12976: The Trojans take the Greek horses and plunder everything they can lay hands on. When Achilles becomes aware of the Greek defeat, he grows furious; his love-sickness ceases and he puts on his arms, his mail, mounts his horse, and rages like a hungry lion. The Trojans are helpless against him and take to flight. Troylus in dismay seeks out Achilles to fight him or die. He encourages the fleeing Trojans to battle. Achilles fights incessantly but eventually has to suffer serious injuries and has to draw back. Meanwhile Troylus fights victoriously. When Priamus learns that Achilles has joined the battle, he accuses Hecuba for having promised Polixena to unfaithful Achilles. When Polixena becomes aware that Achilles is injured, she prays for him, promising that she will love him when he recovers. She sends a messenger to tell Achilles that she feels sorry for his pain. When Achilles receives her message, his pain becomes threefold. First, his injuries second his breaking of his promise not to fight, third his love-sickness. Love makes him recover eventually.

Motif References:

T 24.1 Love-sickness
T 95.0.3 Man loves sister [widow] of warrior he has slain
M 205 Breaking of bargains and promises
M 236.1 (Bm) Bargain: warrior will remove troop if he can wed enemy princess
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman

HvFLvT-13141: When the truce is over Achilles summons his troops, instructing them to charge Troylus. He swears that he will kill him or die. However, all day long Troylus remains unharmed. Achilles finally rides against him and they engage in a furious fight. Achilles strikes Troylus’ helmet and cuts his head in two. Achilles ties his dead body to the reigns of Kalo’s horse. When the Trojans see the humiliation, they scream in their despair. Mennon pierces Kalo from behind and the battle starts again lasting for another week. Although wounded, Achilles kills Mennon thus avenging Kalo. The Greeks draw the Trojans back to their town gate. Desperate struggle continues to nightfall. In Troy, they mourn their dead and lament the injustice they have to suffer. Hecuba curses the day she was born. She believes that her gods have forsaken her: Pluto Mars and Jupiter. In her despair, she demands her own burning; then she becomes stiff like a stone and loses her speech. Helena leads her to bed; she remains in this stupor for three days. Paris and Priamus throw themselves over Troylus’ dead body. The Trojan king sends messengers to negotiate a truce. Troylus’ tomb is prepared and he is buried with great honors.

Motif References:

S 139.2.2.9 (Bm) Humiliation of corpse, headless body of enemy dragged through camp
V 153 (Hi) Heroes’ grave
M 161.2 Vow to revenge (king, friends, father, [husband, queen]) (or die)
F 1041.21.1 Illness from excessive grief
F 1041.21.7 Swooning from grief
F 1041.21 Reactions to excessive grief

HvFLvT-13429: After three days, Hecuba seeks revenge. It comes to her mind that she will have more success with treachery than open enmity. She has messengers sent to Achilles pretending to give her daughter to him. She sends for Paris asking him to do her bidding and he eagerly promises to fulfill her wishes. They plan to betray Achilles to punish him for his own betrayal. She decides to bring Polixena to the city gates. Paris is to hide in the temple where Hector and her other sons lie buried. Although Paris considers it unchivalrous, he promises to fulfill her plan. She sends a messenger to Achilles to tell him to come at moonrise. Achilles tells Antilocus of the meeting and the friend offers to join him. They take their swords and clandestinely hurry to the temple. Paris and twenty armed knights lie in ambush. When they enter the temple, the door closes, and the Greek heroes take their swords and defend themselves. Achilles slays four with one stroke, but Antilocus is knocked down. When Achilles starts to charge them, his friend dies. Paris demands that they slay Achilles who is without armor. They attack him from all sides; he bleeds from many wounds, Paris cuts off one of his hands. Although Achilles manages to cut Paris mouth while falling, the Trojan knights finally kill him.

Motif References:

P 231 Mother and son
Z 292 Death of hero [heroine]
K 914 Murder from ambush

HvFLvT-13684: Paris commands the men to throw Achilles and Antilocus’ dead bodies out in the street. Agamemnon sends messengers to Priamos to claim the corpses. Although Paris opposes, they finally turn over the dead heroes. Nestor, Antilocus’ father, frantically curses his old age, tears his hair and clothes, and demands that his son is buried in his home country, which is granted. Agamemnon has a precious tomb made for Achilles: a decorated stone displays his story in golden letters and Polixena’s portrait. She holds a ruby goblet in her hand symbolizing his death, in her other hand she carries another goblet where his heroic deeds and his betrayal are inscribed. They put herbs into the coffin, attire him with silk, and anoint his wounds. Four pillars hold the coffin. Nestor sends his dead son’s dead body, thus warranting his burial among his noble relatives.

Motif References:

S 139.2.2.10 (Bm) Body of dead enemy hero left in street for all to see
V 153 (Hi) Heroes’ grave
F 1041.8.2 Madness from grief

HvFLvT-13805: The Greeks hold a council of war lasting three days to consider how to take revenge for Achilles. On the forth day, they decide to have Calchas ask the gods. He tells them that the Greeks have to remain in Troy. Achilles’ son will help them. The Greeks do not understand the message and ask around among his relatives. Ajax tells them of a fifteen-year-old son by a Licomedian princess. They decide to send messengers to Pyrrhus. Menelaus volunteers for the task. The next morning both parties prepare for battle, Ajax encounters Paris, many combats. Ajax challenges Paris, who accepts eagerly. A furious combat begins, Ajax cuts off Paris’ arm and strikes at his head killing him. Paris’ warriors surround Ajax but Agamemnon and his father Thelamos and other Greek heroes quickly approach thus saving him. The Trojans carry Paris’ dead body to town pursued by the Greeks. They close the town gates and carry Paris to the temple, where he killed Achilles. Helena appears, tears her hair and clothes, and becomes mad with grief. She now realizes that Cassandra foretold the truth. All are grief stricken claiming that Paris has been the best lover of all.

Motif References:

T 211.9 Excessive grief at husband’s or wife’s death
Z 292 Death of hero [heroine]
P 557.0.1 (Li) Council of war

HvFLvT-14112: A precious coffin is prepared, the corpse is clad in precious silk, and a golden ring put on his finger, a crown ornate with jewels on his head, incense burn, herbs laid out to honor the goddess Pallas. They have a temple built, and a tomb erected. The ocean has four outflows: one in the east, the orient, one in the west, the occident; the third from midday, meridian, and the fourth from the north with the name septembrio. The emperor Iulius commanded measures the world’s countries and rivers. Thirty rivers have their source in the four main rivers, fifty bodies of water spring from the other wells. Julius sent ships round the world to measure all the rivers. The messengers have to travel for thirty years. Iulius demands to write down all the world’s marvels. The meridian equator is extremely hot so that people cannot live there and so nobody knows anything about it. The orient has many seas, one is called Caspian, the other Persicon, the third Tyberiadis, Alfatones the forth, the fifth Rubrun, the sixth Arabian, the seventh Caforte, the eighth is the Dead Sea.

Motif References:

F 709 Other extraordinary countries
F 778 (Bm) Extraordinary tomb
F 852 Extraordinary coffin [sarkophag]

HvFLvT-14260: A people called Ypopedes and Lomnine live on Elefantine Kypre, Rodes, Ereus, Crete, Citherus, near the mountains Cassat and Caucasus, Sinai, Libanus and Armenius. A different people lives near the Dead Sea. There are rivers called Ganges and Therides, Heros and Kanrestes, Sygota, Euphrates and Karmeta Hypades and Kortaze etc and the Taurus mountains. Near the equator, the Amazons, a tribe of warrior women, live without men. Whenever a man loses his way within their vicinity, the Amazons kill him. They wear silk clothes, ride like men, and wear mail. When spring comes brave knights travel to a country nearby. The neighbor country is beautiful with fine plains, rivers, flowers, trees and forests. The women come there in May and stay there for three months to meet the brave knights. They make love and when they are with child the male children have to go to their fathers; the daughters return with their mothers. Thus, they ensure their population and soon train the girls in martial arts and chivalry.

Motif References:

F 565.1 Amazons. Women warriors
F 565.1.2.1 (Bm) Amazons go to men’s island three months a year to procreate
F 565.1.2.2 (Bm) Male children sent to live with fathers, girls with mothers

HvFLvT-14370: In the same year during the siege of Troy Queen Penthesilea, who had loved Hector, becomes aware of his death. When she learns that her beloved has died, she summons her women. Meanwhile Paris also has been slain, so she demands the women swear in for war. When Troylus dies, she mobilizes her entire troops to fight for Troy. After Deiphobus death’s they do not hesitate any longer and depart for Troy. The Trojans receive them well. They carry white shields with golden margins ornate with jewels. Philomenis leads the army to the town gates to the door Dardanides. Both parties encounter each other and a furious battle begins. The Greeks are not accustomed to fighting with women soon many are wounded. The queen kills many thus avenging Hector. Many Greeks are slain the others take to flight to their ships. However, the Trojans and Amazons soon follow, burning the Greek ships. The king flees, pursued by the Amazon queen, but the night falls and they are able to survive. Priamus treats his guests with food and drink.

Motif References:

M 166 Other vows about fighting
F 565.1 Amazons. Women warriors
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
K 2350 Military strategy

HvFLvT-14611: The next day the women prepare for battle and attack the Greek troops heavily. On the third day of the battle week while the Amazons and the Greeks suffer severe losses a message reaches the Greeks. King Menelaus who had found Pyrrhus is to arrive soon. Agamemnon and the other heroes joyfully ride to meet them. The next morning Pyrrhus demands his father’s shield, spear, helmet and armor, which Volcanus had made. He even demands Achilles’ horse and fastens his bow to the saddle. At the same time, Penthesilea arrives at his tent. Pyrrhus immediately engages in battle killing a hundred of the Amazons then charging Polidamas. He would have killed him if Philemenis had not come to his aid. The Amazons shout their battle cry. Ajax encounters Penthesilea and knocks her down but she quickly mounts her horse and comes to Philemenis’ aid that is lying under a horse. Then she charges Pyrrhus piercing him with her spear, but he shields his body. Furiously, he attacks her. The heavy combat alerts the other heroes who approach the combatants.

Motif References:

F 628.2.1 Strong man kills many men at once

HvFLvT-14832: Pyrrhus slays many thus avenging his father. He kills Polidamas’ brother. Then Pyrrhus meets Penthesilea and they engage in a furious single combat. Pyrrhus wounds Penthesilea severely and finally cuts off her head. All the Amazons take to flight. The author remarks that female warriors surely are against the will of God and fortunately non-existent in his own time. Pyrrhus rages among the Trojans; no warrior is able resist him. The Trojans take to flight and rush toward their town gate into the fortress, but Pyrrhus pursues them thus defeating Troy. The city is burned as Ytis and Dares explain who had been witnesses. Priamus bemoans the Amazons. He begs Pyrrhus to send the Amazon queen’s dead body, but Diomedes opposes and disposes of her body in a nearby river. Thus, Troy is seized and falls.

Motif References:

S 139.2.2.12 (Bm) Humiliation of corpse, warrior queen’s corpse cast into lake [river]
M 342 Prophecy of downfall of kingdom

HvFLvT-14987: Anchises, Antenor, Polidamas, and Eneas hold council and demand that Priamus has to return Helena to the Greeks. However, Priamos grows furious about the very idea. The four leave the king in anger. Priamus decides to have the four killed planning to trap them by summoning another council. Meanwhile the four defect to the Greeks swearing allegiance. They decide to go to the council in arms to be prepared. When Priamus reacts angrily, they are convinced it had been a trap. The king decides to send messengers to the Greeks to learn what they demand. He chooses Eneas who sends the old Antenor who carries an olive branch as sign of peace. Now peace is achieved. Antenor promises to give back Helena, and tells them that he, Eneas Polidamas, and Anchises surrender Troy and the country if they let them and their family live. Out of anger and hate, they swear it because of Priamus’ attempted murder. King Taltibus and Antenor travel to Troy as messengers. The latter demands that the dead be buried and calms his family with the prospect of early peace. Then he tells the Trojans that they have to send back Helena. They avoid mentioning Hesione because Duke Thelamus has treated her well. Therefore, the treacherous Antenor persuades them to act according to his advice.

Motif References:

P 557.0.1 (Li) Council of war
P 559 (Li) Peace: making and conditions of peace (ransom, reparations, submission)
K 2299 Other villains and traitors – miscellaneous

HvFLvT-15451: Now Priamus sees his dream fulfilled and tears his hair in his grief. Antenor has his son buried in a marble coffin. Philemenis pulls out Penthesilea’s body from the water and decides to have her buried in her home country. When Helena learns that she has to go back she dismally opposes. By night, she goes to Antenor asking his advice fearing that Menelaus will kill her. He advises that she wait until the next morning. Antenor and Eneas decide to have their revenge on Priamus by pretending that Priamus’ son Anphimacus is plotting against Troy and Ylion. The Greeks send Diomedes and Ulixes as messenger. When the Trojans learn that the Greeks not only demand Helena but the Palladium as well, they grow furious.

Motif References:

T 231 The faithless widow
M 370.1 Prophecy of death fulfilled

HvFLvT-15595: Priamus hurries from the council in anger and Antenor takes him aside trying to persuade him to hand over the Palladium. The founder of Ylion the pious King Ylius had erected a temple dedicated to Pallas. Then miraculously the beautiful image of woman appeared, called Palladium. The Trojans worship it. As long as it remains in town, the Trojans consider themselves safe. So Antenor plans to persuade Priamus’ son to have it removed. Ulixes appreciates the plan. Antenor and Eneas summon the Trojan nobles to discuss the Greek demands. First, he tells them that Ansimacus has betrayed Troy. Then he demands 5000 gold coins and silver wares. If the Trojans do not provide those, they are denied peace. The four send for Ulixes and go to the temple where animal offerings are celebrated. However, the offering does not catch fire. They decide to give the offerings to Apollo; an angel appears taking the offerings to the Greek troops. The people believe that they are betrayed and doomed. The diviner Calchas assures the Greeks that kingdom and town soon will be theirs.

Motif References:

M 301 Prophets
M 356.1.5 (Bm) Prophecy of city’s destruction
K 449 (Bm) Bribe
D 811.2 Magic object falls from the heaven
D 1268 Magic statue (doll)
D 1380.0.1.1 Palladium- city impregnable while statue remains

HvFLvT-15807: Hecuba prepares an offering but to her dismay, it does not burn. Kassandra tells them it is because of their sins and advises burning it somewhere else because of Achilles’ assassination in the temple. Therefore, they carry it out near to Hector’s tomb and the offering starts to burn. Late that night Antenor sneaks into the temple where the priest Theanus watches over their sanctuary. Antenor tells the priest that he has noticed that the fire would not burn. Therefore, the sanctuary has to be set near the sea and the Greeks will leave. The priest agrees to have it carried out and Antenor takes it. Ulixes receives it treating it according to custom. Ulixes promises 30000 Marks in gold to the four Trojans. Calchas and Crises worship in the sanctuary. The priest does not reveal the truth so the Trojans believe that he is hiding the palladium. Crises has a plan: he calls for Epiun the carpenter and demands that he makes a big wooden horse.

Motif References:

A 107.17 Anger of god
Q 222.5.2 Magic storm as punishment for desecrating of temple
Q 222.6 Punishment for desecrating holy temple utensils
D 1812.5.0.3 Behavior of fire as omen
D 1819 Magic knowledge – miscellaneous

HvFLvT-15941: The Greeks are aware that goddess Pallas is furious because of the theft in her sanctuary. Therefore, they decide to bring the horse to town in her honor. The Greek knights hide inside the horse. King Filemenis leaves Troy to organize the funeral rites for Penthesilea. Priamus brings the demanded gold the other day. Anchises and Eneas display their gods to show faithfulness. Witnesses to the oath are Diomedes, Ulixes, Idomeus, Thoas, Menesteus and Pyrrhus. They swear by sun, moon, heaven and earth to have peace, and Priamus accepts the oath. Then he begs Menelaus to receive Helena kindly and Menelaus agrees begging him to take the wooden horse in exchange for the lost sanctuary in order to appease the infuriated goddess Pallas.

Motif References:

A 107.17 Anger of god
P 559 (Li) Peace: making and conditions of peace (ransom, reparations, submission)

HvFLvT-16054: Epius the carpenter asks for strong men to help him push and draw the horse into the town. It is higher than a tower. Treacherously the Greeks demand Helena, pretending that they set sail. However, by night they turn and sail back to Troy to overrun the town for good. A big fire in front of the wooden horse shows them the way, hidden in the horse are thirty knights. The thirty knights come out of the horse and the massacre begins. The Greeks kill all inhabitants. Priamus flees to a temple, Cassandra runs after her father fearfully praying to Pallas. When Hecuba learns of the treachery, she curses Eneas, but begs him to watch over Polixena. Meanwhile Pyrrhus murders Priamus in the temple. Menelaus saves Helena. Orleus saves Andromache and Cassandra. Great damage is done by plundering. The Greeks rob gold and the jewels off the images. They carry out their booty, make a heap and divide it. They pay off the traitors according to the oath. Ajax is furious because he decided to kill Helena. Agamemnon falls in love with the beautiful Cassandra and wants her for his wife. The other Trojan ladies are married to Greek heroes; Helena and Cassandra beg for Queen Hecuba’s and two of Priamus’ sons’ lives. Agamemnon rules to spare all the Trojan women.

Motif References:

M 166 Other vows about fighting
P 555.0.1 (Si) Booty. The spoils of war.
K 754.1 Trojan wooden horse

HvFLvT-16390: The victorious Greeks decide to sail to Greece. A sudden thunderstorm delays them for one month. Calchas the diviner tells them that the three furies Megera, Allecto and Thesifone are angry because of Achilles’ death. He lost his life because he loved Polixena who survived. Pyrrhus decides to have her killed; the traitor Antenor finds her. Although Agamemnon takes her under his wing, he soon is overruled. Pyrrhus leads Polixena to Achilles’ tomb; although she protests her innocence. Untouched, he takes his sword and cuts off her head. Hecuba turns mad with grief killing a king and two counts. They tie her to a pole and stone her to death. Ajax claims the palladium, but Diomedes claims it for himself. Thelamus believes it is his by rights and Ulixes claims it (because of his crafts they have won it in the first place). Ajax now regrets his perjury and unfaithfulness. He specifies his merits thus claiming the palladium as reward. Ajax wants to challenge Ulixes but Agamemnon will not have it awarding Ulixes. The Greeks are convinced that Ajax deserves it. The incited Ajax takes his sword bashing around. They take to flight but become his enemies.

Motif References:

S 119 (Bm) Death by stoning
S 133 Murder by beheading
A 486 The Furies
F 960.3 Extraordinary nature phenomena during furious battle
D 1380.0.1.1 Palladium- city impregnable while statue remains

HvFLvT-16726: On the next morning, the Greeks find Ajax murdered bleeding of many wounds. They suspect Ulixes and Menelaus. Pyrrhus takes the pieces crying and seeking revenge. He has him buried in a golden coffin. For four days, Ulixes hides fearing Pyrrhus and his troops who surely would kill him. Cassandra mourns her stoned mother and her murdered family. Furthermore, she prophesies Agamemnon’s death and Troy’s avenge by Pallas and Apollo. In dismay, the Greeks think of all the treachery Antenor and Eneas have committed. They accuse Eneas of perjury and cast him out. Then they depart, Eneas collects provisions for his ships. He sends for Antenor to decide if they should stay in Troy now that the Greeks have departed. Eneas accuses Antenor of unfaithfulness and bans him. Antenor and his retinue go into exile. They sail to the Adriatic Sea and are bereft of their goods and pirates kill many. They sail on and come to the Tygris that is near paradise. They settle down in the country Ierobin and within short, he gains the confidence of the country’s king. When the Trojans learn about it they follow and settle down and make a fortune.

Motif References:

S 139 Miscellaneous cruel murders
M 341 Death prophesied
Q 431 Punishment: banishment (exile)
F 852.2 Golden coffin

HvFLvT-17052: The Greeks finally leave Troy and sail to the Aegean Sea right into a heavy thunderstorm. Many drown and some are washed ashore. The king of this country is Pamplus. When he learns that Troy is destroyed he wants to take revenge on the Greeks. When the news of the shipwreck spreads, he sees a fire burning on a mountain called Eboean and hurries there. When they come ashore, they see that the big overhanging rock had come down. Pamplus and his men lift it. There is nothing under the rock, but it falls on the men in the forefront, killing them. When the others in the ships hear the noise they turn their ships and take to flight. Pamplus has an evil son. One day he meets a lady with the name of Egyal telling her that her husband Diomedes had taken another wife and she will loose her land. He will bring Briseis whom he took in Troy and now he will arrive with her and a grand retinue. As she wants to avoid Clitemnestra’s fate, she sends to her relatives, who confirm the bad news. When she observes, that they will camp near the mountain Eboean she has them attacked. Many are killed, even her own brother Assandrus.

Motif References:

A 197.1 (Bm) Storm as sign of Goddess’s wrath

HvFLvT-17234: When Diomedes hears of Assandrus’ death, he challenges his murderer. However, the people suspect him of trying to usurp his wife’s country and drive him away. Clitemnestra has betrayed Agamemnon with the knight Egistus whom she intends to bestow with a peerage. She has a daughter by him called Esyone. Clitemnestra persuades the knight to sneak down to the Greek ship at dawn and as soon Agamemnon comes out to kill him on the shore. King Agamemnon’s (and Clitemnestra’s) son Orestes comes to Ydomeneus after the king’s assassination. Yydomeneus and his wife raise Orestes in Corinth. Demophon and Achamas, Agamemnon’s men are not able to punish the treacherous usurper Egistus, therefore, they leave the country and travel to Corinth. Eneas is still in Troy; although he wants to leave but the nobles do not allow it. They accuse him of treason and punish him in many ways. When he learns that Diomedes is about to leave, he sends messengers to beg him for help to leave Troy.

Motif References:

Q 261 Treachery punished
P 275 Foster son
Q 431 Punishment: banishment (exile)
K 2213.3 Faithless wife plots with paramour against husband’s life

HvFLvT-17347: Diomedes promises Eneas support with his troops to win back his country. Overjoyed Diomedes arrives to rescue Eneas but their enemies attack them at the shore. Eventually they are able to defeat them. Although they have to suffer losses, they leave for good. When Egial is informed she sends messengers to meet them. Eneas proceeds (as Heinrich von Veldeke has written before) and comes to Lamparten. Ydomeneus of Crete tells his foster-son Orestes when grown up how Egistes had murdered his father and of his mother’s unfaithfulness. Orestes summons two thousand men. Forenses gives him seven hundred as support. They march to Micene to punish Queen Clitemestre while Egistesis is away. Clitemestre defends herself, but Orestes defeats her troops gaining victory over the town. Orestes hangs his mother on a tree, and then he pulls out her limbs with tongs. When she is almost dead, he has her pulled down so that the birds of prey have her body and the dogs her bones.

Motif References:

S 21 Cruel son
Q 211 Murder punished
Q 413.4 Hanging as punishment for murder
Q 429 Capital punishment – miscellaneous
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]

HvFLvT-17430: Meanwhile Egistus has arrived. They capture him and put his eyes out. After they tie him naked to a horse, drag him through the streets and hang him eventually. The story spreads and some approve of the punishment some disapprove. His impoverished cousin arrives together with Helena and the people come to meet him and see Helena who has caused the whole disaster. Menelaus grieves about his brother’s murder. He travels to his home country Micenas where the people receive him well. His counselors and nobles advise to punish Orestes who had killed his mother. Duke Menesteus opposes telling them that she deserved the punishment for having killed Agamemnon and banned his son. Menesteus travels as messenger to Orestes. Ydomeneus arranges Orestes’ marriage with Menelaus’ daughter Ermione.

Motif References:

Q 211 Murder punished
Q 241 Adultery punished
Q 262 Impostor punished
Q 416.2 Punishment: dragging to death by a horse [by horses]
Q 451.7 Blinding as punishment
Q 451.7.4 Blinding as punishment for murder

HvFLvT-17522: Ulixes arrives naked and unrecognizable in a merchant ship from Crete battered by weather and fate. He has traveled to a thousand countries and suffered much harm. Ydomeneus does not recognize him at first, but then identifies him by his voice. He takes him home treating him well. Ulixes complains that Aiacis’ relatives have deprived him of all his belongings thus punishing him for treason; he could merely save his life. Eventually he finds his companions and they sail to a country called Smirna. From there he travels to Lotofagos; then the winds throw him on the Sicilian shore where two brothers Cycrops and Lestugo catch him, rob his provisions and take him prisoner. When they find out, that he has no properties they let him go. Alfenor wins Polifemus’ sister for a wife and she helps them to escape. Polifemus takes revenge, kills many of the companions, and takes back his sister who is with Alfenor’s child. Ulixes, when pursued by Polifemus, he blinds him, thus saving his life.

Motif References:

H 79.3 Recognition by voice
G 100 Giant ogre Polyphemus
Q 261 Treachery punished
G 420 Capture by ogre
Q 451.7 Blinding as punishment
G 511 Ogre blinded.
G 550 Rescue from ogre

HvFLvT-17620: The sea throws Ulixes on the shore of Eolis’ kingdom. There he meets a woman with the name of Circe. She is able to make philters by means of sorcery. Every man who eats her food is enchanted and has to stay with her. She enchants them with her gestures and words. She makes every man fall in love with her and he has to stay with her and her women. Whenever a man eats her food, he falls in love with her and forgets about his wife. It has to be admitted that she is the most beautiful woman and she appreciates Ulixes’ abilities as a lover. Finally, he leaves her and he comes to Calipsa falls in love with her, but leaves her because of her unfaithfulness. Ulixes sails on and comes upon Sirens; their voices have such a power and are so sweet that everybody has to follow them. Ulixes is able to save his life by stopping his ears.

Motif References:

B 53 Siren
J 672.1 Ears stopped with wax to avoid enchanting song. Odysseus and the sirens.
D 1355.3 Love charm
D 1355.2 Magic love-philtre
D 1711 Magician
D 1719 Possession of magic powers – miscellaneous

HvFLvT-17715: After the experience with the sorceress, Ulixes has to overcome Caribdis and Scylla. He learns that the sea has mighty abysses and whirls in circles, so that a ship within ten miles distance is sucked in. Ulixes looses a ship with his companions. The people of Fenice capture and deprive him of all his possessions, even his clothes. The king of Crete gives him clothes and sends him to his home country. He passes Alceon’s country and is received cordially. He learns that many knights have settled down in his home and press his wife Penelope hard as unwelcome suitors. Alceon supports Ulixes with troops and they defeat the suitors. As reward for the military aid, he marries Alceon’s daughter Nausica to his son Thelemacos. They have a child with the name of Porporius.

Motif References:

T 50 Wooing
G 333 Path between monsters. Scylla and Charybdis
K 1551.1 Husband returns secretly and kills unwelcome suitor

HvFLvT-17802: Pyrrhus shipwrecks at the country Moloses. They repair the ships. He learns that his grandfather Acastus has not only captured his foster father but has deprived him of all his property plundering his castles and land. Aghast Pyrrhus sends two messengers to learn the truth about the shameful incident. The messengers find out that Peleus and Acastus had been riding out together to a mountain where Chyron raised Achilles. One day Chyron had invited musicians and poets. Acastus grew envious thinking that Peleus earned the entire honor. He lead Peleus to a cave imprisoned him he still suffers there. Pyrrhus decides to set Peleus free and departs with his ships. Ignoring ease and comfort, he travels to the rock finding the hero in the cave, ill with felted hair and a long beard aged before his time. Meanwhile Manalippus and Pleisthenes, Acastus’ sons, are out hunting. Pyrrhus takes his spear. When meeting the brothers who are at skinning a stag he greets them pretending to be a poor shipwrecked man. Then he kills them thus taking revenge on his grandfather.

Motif References:

R 45.3 Captivity in cave
S 70 Other cruel relatives
R 110 Rescue of captive
W 195 Envy
Q 285 Cruelty punished
Q 411 Death as punishment

HvFLvT-17995: Pyrrhus in leaving meets the young Cyneras, Acastus’ messenger, looking for the hunters. He learns of Acastus’ presence and soon kills him. Then he runs down to his ship dressing up in his best garments and rushes back to the mountain to meet Acastus. Acastus greets him and Pyrrhus tells him that he is Priamus’ son and he comes from Ylion. Pyrrhus had captured him and his ships are on the shore. Acastus begs him to lead him to the ships and is thus captured. Thetis appears who is about to bring food for Peleus and finds her brother slain. She begs Pyrrhus to let her father live, and he grants it. Peleus receives back his country; Acastus’ country goes to Pyrrhus.

Motif References:

P 17 Succession to the throne
Q 285 Cruelty punished

HvFLvT-18126: Pyrrhus who had taken Hector’s wife Andromache to his country falls in love with Orestes’ wife Ermione and abducts her. Jealous Andromache hates the latter. While Pyrus has traveled to Delphi to mourn his father and his companions, Ermione sends for her father Menelaus telling him that Andromache and her daughter Iiamedonta threaten her life and presses him to kill them. Andromache starts to scream and the court people run to her thus preventing the murder. Meanwhile Orestes, Ermione’s first husband comes to see her and when learning why her father has come, he promises to admit her again in all honors and she accepts. Then Orestes ambushes Pyrrhus who has to pass returning from Delphi. Orestes jumps forward and kills him. Pyrrhus is buried in Delphi. Andromache has a son with him who becomes famous for his grimness. He regains the country of Troy for his brother, Hector’s son.

Motif References:

R 10.1 Princess (maiden) abducted
K 914 Murder from ambush

HvFLvT-18207: One night Ulixes has a vision; his god comes to him in human shape. He wears a shining garment light as day. However, when Ulixes tries to touch, he forbids it, wavering in the room. On top of his spear, he has a fish symbolizing the metamorphosis to come for the country. Ulixes asks around among his priests and diviners to interpret the vision but no one is able to explain it. The wise man advises him to beware of his relatives. Therefore, he has his son Thelemacus brought to the sea and imprisons him in a fortress. However, he is not aware that Circe had borne him a son Thelegonos. He grows up to a very handsome young man with curly hair wearing fine clothes. He is fifteen years old and tall like a giant, with blond hair. He binds a banner on his spear emblazoned with a fish; the fish indicates that he comes from a country in the sea. Thelogonus mounts his horse, although Circe begs him to ride with a retinue, he refuses. He hurries to the town where Ulixes lives. He knocks on the door and tells the doorkeeper that he is Ulixes’ son. When gatekeeper who is instructed to deny the entry rejects him, he grows furious and pushes the door open killing the gatekeeper. When troops are sent he defeats them. Ulixes thinking it were his son Thelemacus takes a dagger and a sword and hurries to the gate. The hostile son pierces him with the spear knocking Ulixes down. Now too late they are aware that they are father and son and start to cry. Ulixes calms his weeping son explaining that it had been the gods’ will. He sends for Thelemacus who had wanted to kill his half-brother but Ulixes forbids it. He is buried in his capital city. Thelemacus inherits his country, Thelegonos returns to Circe rewarded with gold and riches.

Motif References:

P 17 Succession to the throne
A 182.3 God (angel) speaks to mortal
M 370 Vain attempts to escape fulfillment of prophecy
V 510 Religious visions
V 510.1 God speaks in Vision to devotee

Romances of Antiquity

Herbort von Fritslar, Das liet von Troye (after 1190) Fromman, K. (Ed.): Herbort von Fritslâr, Liet von Troye. Quedlinburg/Leipzig 1837.

Herbort von Fritslar, Das liet von Troye (after 1190)
Fromman, K. (Ed.): Herbort von Fritslâr, Liet von Troye. Quedlinburg/Leipzig 1837.