HvNAp-11: Prologus ante rem: The mighty king Nabuchodonosor as example of capriciousness of luck. One night he has a dream: he sees a golden man upon a pillar, bearing a golden bejeweled crown, his breast made of silver, the body of copper, legs of lead and his feet of clay. The statue is destroyed by a sudden thunderbolt. At this moment, the king awakens but has forgotten the dream. He sends for the masters of astronomy and nigromancy who should tell him his vision. Since they fail the king has them burnt as punishment.

Motif References:

N 170 The capriciousness of luck
Q 414 Punishment: burning alive
P 429.1 Astronomers
V 515 Allegorical visions
H 1042 Task: recalling a dream someone else has had
D 1711 Magician

HvNAp-63: Daniel interprets the dream with the aid of the angel Gabriel who has revealed its contents to him. The golden man means youth which bears a crown if connected with virtue. If youth lacks virtue, gold turns to silver, then to copper, lead and finally clay. In the end, this man will be destroyed by God’s wrath.

Motif References:

Z 100 Symbolism
J 157 Wisdom (knowledge) from dream
V 232 Angel as helper
H 617 Symbolic interpretations of dreams
N 814 Helpful angel
D 1810.5 Magic knowledge from angel
D 1819.7 Man is able to tell king dream which king himself does not remember

HvNAp-96: The mighty king Anthiochius (after whom the city is named Antioch) has a beautiful daughter, but his wife dies when the daughter is still a child. She grows up into a beautiful girl, courted by many suitors.

Motif References:

F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman

HvNAp-142: One day, the king falls in love with his own daughter. The poet rebukes “Lady Minne” for enticing men and women into sinful and illicit love relationships (examples: Tristram and Isolde, Pyramus and Thisbe, and others). Eventually, the king has sexual intercourse with his daughter. The girl’s maid, Pynnell, discovers this scandalous deed by the princess’ bloodstained shirt, even though her lady first feigns to have fallen ill. Then, the princess reveals to her servant that she has been deflowered by her father and tries to commit suicide by stabbing herself to death, but this is prevented by her servant. Pynell advises the princess to conceal the incest in order to protect her honor. However, the king himself speaks openly about the incestual relation.

Motif References:

P 361 Faithful servant [vassal]
T 411.1 (Lecherous) [Unnatural] father [wants to marry his daughter]
N 610 Accidental discovery of crime

HvNAp-351: The king devises a plan to repel his daughter’s suitors: whoever is able to answer a certain question will be rewarded with the princess’ hand, half his property during the king’s lifetime and the kingdom after his death. When he fails to solve the riddle though, he is beheaded and his head impaled on a stake.

Motif References:

H 335 Tasks assigned suitors
H 540.3 King propounds riddles
H 541.1 Riddle propounded on pain of death
H 901.1 Heads placed on stakes for failure in performance of task

HvNAp-363: Many suitors are beheaded, their heads impaled on stakes and exposed on the castle’s battlement. Thereupon, several suitors are deterred from wooing the princess. Propounding and solving riddles is a heathen custom.

Motif References:

Q 421.1 Heads on Stakes. Punishment by beheading and placing heads on stakes

HvNAp-403: In a land adjacent to King Anthiochius’, Apollonius, the prince of Tyrlant, grows up into a courageous, educated and virtuous young man. As he determines to woo King Anthiochius’ daughter, his country’s magnates try to dissuade him, since his parents have died and he is the only heir to the throne, but to no avail. Apollonius sets out with a retinue of 12 knights. He uses two camels as pack animals, one lead by a black man named Falech, the other by a dwarf called “the strong Galiander”.

Motif References:

Z 71.8 Formulistic number: twelve
F 451.5.1.7 Dwarfs serve mortals
F 451.3.8 Dwarfs are strong

HvNAp-441: Tyrus (this is how Apollonius is sometimes called after his country) and his companions reach Anthiochia and pitch their tents outside the town. From the castle approaches an armored knight, a dragon-head is his helmet crest, the housing is black, the shield fitted with gold and emblazoned with a black dragon-head.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms

HvNAp-469: Tyrus arms himself for combat: his horse is black, covered by a precious housing, his helmet crest shows a siren, half the shape of a whale, half woman. The two knights tilt at each other, and finally Apollonius unhorses Taliarcus. The defeated knight has to surrender his horse to the winner and returns on a page’s horse.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms

HvNAp-531: The next morning, Tyrus dons beautiful garments: his robe is made of blue silk, the surcoat (kursît) consists of two different kinds of silk (on the right side a blîât, blue and red, on the left a red sigelât with white flowers stitched on it), a mantle of blue silk (a golden siren sewn on it by a master from Armenia, ornamented with precious braids, two golden bejeweled clasps, between them a costly clasp-string which Tyrus touches with one hand). Furthermore, he wears precious rings and on his head a beautiful circlet.

Motif References:

F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)
F 821.4 Extraordinarily beautiful mantle

HvNAp-584: Tyrus as extraordinarily handsome man: his body is evenly proportioned, he has blond curled hair, beautiful features and demonstrates knightly demeanor. His companions are also dressed in costly garments.

Motif References:

F 575.2 Handsome man

HvNAp-617: Apollonius is received by King Anthiochius in the Great Hall of his castle. As he asks for the hand of the princess, Anthiochius propounds his riddle. Apollonius interprets its meaning by referring to the king’s incest. Anthiochius flies into a rage, but on account of Tyrus’ high rank sets a time-limit of 30 days in which Apollonius is supposed to find the right answer to the riddle. Tyrus returns to his country.

Motif References:

H 540 Propounding of riddles
H 561 Solvers of riddles

HvNAp-719: The king sends his marshal Taliarcus after Tyrus to murder him, since he has discovered the right answer to the riddle. Taliarcus welcomes the king’s plan as occasion to take revenge for the defeat sustained, takes silver and poison with him and sets out for Tyrus’ country.

Motif References:

P 50.2 Marshall [Court officials: marshall, steward, etc.]
K 231.2 Reward for accomplishment of task deceptively withheld
K 2246.1 Treacherous king

HvNAp-755: Back at home, Tyrus looks the king’s riddle up in his books and finds that his answer has been the right one, thus discerning Anthiochius’ deception. Resolving to return to the king, he has a ship secretly equipped with supplies for the journey and leaves his land at night, accompanied only by several servants. As the citizens discover their lord’s disappearance, they lament and the bath houses, temples and taverns are closed.

Motif References:

K 2370 Miscellaneous deceptions
K 2380 (Hi) Detection of treachery or deceit

HvNAp-819: In the meantime, Taliarcus has arrived in Tyrlant and, upon his inquiries about the people’s lamentations; he is notified by a child of Apollonius’ disappearance. He returns to his lord and gives an account of what he has heard. Anthiochus decrees Apollonius’ proscription, promising a reward of 100 gold pounds for whoever brings him dead, 50 pounds when he is brought alive. Thereupon, many people strive to track Tyrus down.

Motif References:

HvNAp-891: On his arrival in Tharis, Apollonius meets an old serf named Elanicus, who warns him against the king’s proscription. Tyrus offers him 100 gold pounds as reward, but the old man refuses to take anything.

Motif References:

N 825.2 Old man helper

HvNAp-960: Tyrus comes across an acquainted man called Strangwillo. He tells the man of the king’s persecution and begs to be allowed to take refuge in Tharsia and be concealed there until the king might change his mind. Since the citizens of Tarsis suffer famine, Tyrus declares that he will maintain himself at his own expense and donate 100,000 measures of grain to the town. Strangwillo throws himself at Tyrus’ feet and promises that the town will aid him against the king.

Motif References:

M 150 Other vows and oaths
R 310 Refuges

HvNAp-1025: Description of Tarsis: one side of the town is sited at the sea shore, 4 gateways open towards the harbor; the thick city wall (10 feet) rises 20 fathoms and is fortified by 20 elaborate towers. The castle is situated high above the city on the summit of a hill. Not far away, stands lighthouse 82 ells high. The other side of the town is surrounded by a navigable river called Torse which flows through the country of the black people, Tyria, Libya, and Anthiochia. Four gateways open upon a plain. Watchmen are on guard on 24 towers. Thus, the town is so well protected and actually impregnable that the citizens dare to oppose the king. It is accessible by foot solely through one gate which is guarded by giants. A beautiful street leads form the sea into the town. A shrine displaying the image of goddess Diana and a temple in which lie the mortal remains of Machmett are erected in the middle of the town. In front of the temple stands an elaborate fountain.

Motif References:

F 716 Extraordinary fountain
F 760 Extraordinary cities

HvNAp-1111: Tyrus is welcomed by the impoverished citizens and leaves to them his grain at the same price he paid for it: eight pfennigs a measure (mutte). He thus rescues the burghers from famine. Additionally, Tyrus gives back the profit of the sale for the benefit of the city. To demonstrate their gratitude, they erect a monument in their benefactor’s honor: upon a huge marble pillar they place a statue with the Apollonius’ features, his feet stepping into a golden measure (metze) and the right hand holding a letter which contains an account of his good deed.

Motif References:

W 11 Generosity

HvNAp-1235: Half a year later, Apollonius sets off by ship to spend some time in Pentapolin. On the way, the ship is caught in a storm and sinks. The king is the only one who survives the shipwreck by clinging to a plank of the boat. He prays to Neptune and Venus in despair.

Motif References:

V 50 Prayer
Z 356 Unique survivor
N 399 Additional unlucky accidents

HvNAp-1374: Finally, Apollonius is cast up on the shore of an unknown country where he is found by a poor fisherman. He begs him for help and recounts the events which lead him to the shore. The fisherman shows compassion and takes Apollonius with him to his hut. Furthermore, he advises him to go into town to find help.

Motif References:

N 858 (Bm) Fisherman as helper

HvNAp-1443: In the nearby town, Tyrus comes across a child who invites townsmen and foreigners on the king’s behalf into the bath house and to ensuing entertainments on a plain outside the castle. Despite his shabby appearance, Tyrus resolves to follow the invitation. In the king’s company, he proves himself experienced in courtly amusements and even excels over the other nobles. By skillfully playing a ball game with the young king (whose name is Altistrates), he attracts his attention and is invited to court.

Motif References:

H 41 Recognition of royalty [nobility] by personal characteristics or traits
L 123 Pauper hero
H 151 Attention drawn and recognition follows

HvNAp-1569: Before Tyrus goes to see the king, he is equipped with suitable clothes. In the royal palace, he is received well and seated next to the king. At the sight of the king’s possessions, he is depressed by grief and weeps over his own lot.

Motif References:

F 1041.21 Reactions to excessive grief

HvNAp-1599: During the banquet, the king’s beautiful daughter, Lucina, appears wearing a golden bejeweled crown. She has long blond hair, beautiful features, well-shaped breasts, wears costly garments and shows courtly demeanor.

Motif References:

F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman

HvNAp-1644: The maiden falls instantly in love with the stranger. Upon her inquiries, Apollonius discloses his identity and recounts the main events of his life history. As he bursts into tears at the end of his account, the king permits his daughter to give presents to the stranger and asks her to play the harp for the enjoyment of the guests. After she has finished her play, the enamored Apollonius takes the harp and astonishes the audience with his extraordinarily skillful performance of not only harping, but also accompanying the music with songs. Lucina presents Apollonius with2000 gold pounds and 400 silver, provides him with 20 servants, garments and 10 maidens.

Motif References:

T 15 Love at first sight
T 34 Lovers meet at social gathering
F 679.9 Skillful musician (plays nine mouth harps at once)
N 836 King as helper

HvNAp-1842: On the maiden’s instigation, Apollonius is invited to stay as guest at the castle. In the following night, she can not find rest and asks her father the next morning to make Apollonius her harping teacher. Even though she now enjoys his company, she falls ill from love. Not even educated physicians are able to relieve the symptoms.

Motif References:

T 24.1 Love-sickness
T 31 Lovers’ meeting: hero in service of [given as playmate to] heroine

HvNAp-1958: One day, three young counts arrive to ask for the princess’ hand. The king is supposed to choose a bridegroom among them, but he proposes that each suitor should write a letter to his daughter, declaring his love (and mentioning the dowry she would receive). The princess should then freely choose her spouse.

Motif References:

T 69 Wooing – miscellaneous motifs
Z 71.1 Formulistic number: three
T 131.0.1 Princess has unrestricted choice of husband

HvNAp-1998: The letters of the three suitors surpass each other in the amount of the dower (one offers 50,000 marks, the second 60,000, the third 100,000 silver pounds). The letters are sealed with a ring and delivered to Lucina by Apollonius.

Motif References:

HvNAp-2065: Lucina asks Apollonius’ opinion, whether she should marry one of the three suitors or not, and is told that she should freely choose among them. This advice she interprets as evidence that he is not in love with her. Thereupon, she writes her answer on a tablet, declaring that she wants to marry the shipwrecked guest.

Motif References:

T 55.7 Princess elects herself husband from the young men present
H 1556 Tests of fidelity [loyalty]

HvNAp-2092: The king hands his daughter’s note over to Apollonius and dismisses the three suitors. He leads Apollonius by his hand to the palace, having him first wait at the entrance while he discusses with Lucina the matter of the marriage. Upon her declaration that she is in love with Apollonius, the king gives his consent and calls him in. Apollonius rejoices at the prospect of a marriage with Lucina.

Motif References:

HvNAp-2180: The news of the imminent wedding is promulgated all over the country and the feast is finally celebrated in the city, bride and groom both sumptuously dressed. The young queen conceives a daughter in the wedding night.

Motif References:

T 136.1 Wedding feast
T 160 Consummation of marriage

HvNAp-2257: Half a year later, as Apollonius ambulates with his pregnant bride on the sea shore, he catches sight of a ship from Tyrlant anchoring in the harbor. Through a conversation with one of the shipmen who inquires after Apollonius, he learns that Anthiochius has been killed by a stroke of lightening and that the magnates of the realm want to have him as successor to the throne, the latter information being confirmed by a written document with the princes’ seal. Apollonius discloses his identity and determines to travel the country with this ship (which carries a treasure of 100,000 marks). Lucina tries in vain to dissuade him by urging him to wait as least until the birth of their child, and then swoons. Apollonius assures her that he would do nothing against her will, and they agree to travel together.

Motif References:

P 17 Succession to the throne
N 760.1 (Bm) Chance meeting of seeker and sought
F 1041.21.7 Swooning from grief

HvNAp-2388: Lucina apprises her father of Anthiochius’ death and takes her leave. Ships are equipped with supplies for the journey. The couple is accompanied by a faithful Bohemian maid called Liguridis.

Motif References:

P 361 Faithful servant [vassal]

HvNAp-2442: During the sea voyage, Lucina gives birth to a baby daughter, but dies from the labor soon afterwards. The helmsman advises to throw the young queen’s corpse into the sea. Before this is done, Tyrus places two tablets of lead into the coffin which contain information about the dead woman’s identity and a request for the finder to bury the corpse. For this purpose, Tyrus puts 100 gold pounds into the coffin.

Motif References:

V 64 Money tied on corpse thrown overboard from ship in order to secure burial
V 67.1 Ornaments buried with hero
T 211.9 Excessive grief at husband’s or wife’s death
N 310 Accidental separations
T 581 Place and conditions of childbirth
T 589 Childbirth – miscellaneous motifs

HvNAp-2593: The child is entrusted to the care of Liguridis. After three days the coffin is cast to the sea shore near Ephesus, where it is discovered and salvaged by a man named Cerimonius, an educated physician. He breaks the coffin open in his house and finds the gold and the message with the corpse.

Motif References:

P 361 Faithful servant [vassal]
P 424 Physician
N 659 Life saved by accident – miscellaneous

HvNAp-2663: Filomein, an educated youth and former apprentice of Ceremonius, recognizes that the woman is only unconscious and brings her back to life (not until he is offered payment!): he spreads a salve upon the corpse, has a fire lit at all four sides, moves the body into several positions and finally discovers the swelling near the heart. Thereupon, he sends for a medicine called Latwerge, the appropriate treatment against faint and coagulated blood, and administers it to the woman. As she regains her consciousness and opens her eyes, Filomein gives her other medicines, strengthening food and different kinds of wine. He is paid by Cerimon with ten gold marks.

Motif References:

E 1 Person comes to life
E 100 Resuscitation by medicines
J 146.2 (Li) The educated youth
P 424 Physician
F 668.0.1 Skillful physician

HvNAp-2782: Cerimonius knows that Lucina is of royal descent and offers to adopt her. She accepts gratefully and begs him to protect her chastity. Complying with her request, Cerimonius establishes her among the priestesses of Diana (widows and virgins) where all women lead a chaste life.

Motif References:

T 310 Celibacy and continence
N 820 Human helpers

HvNAp-2826: In the meantime, Apollonius has been welcomed in Tarsis, where he encounters his friend Strangwillo and his wife Dionisiades, recounting the events which lead him to Tarsis. He utters his intention to relinquish the reign over Anthiochius’ realm, since he has lost his wife, and to return to Altistrates, his father-in-law. He requests the couple to take care of his daughter and her nurse Liguridis and takes an oath to cut neither finger-nails nor beard or hair until he has given away his daughter in marriage. He provides his daughter’s new foster parents with gold, silver, jewels, cloths and garments before he takes his leave.

Motif References:

M 121 Vow not to shave or cut hair until a certain time
P 270 Foster relatives
P 319 Deeds of friendship – miscellaneous

HvNAp-2904: Apollonius (called “the bearded”) spends the succeeding years in Egypt, engaged in different military affairs. One day, messengers of King Paldein of Warcilone deliver letters in which the king describes his distress and asks for military aid: the tribes Gock and Magock are devastating his country. Each man in possession of a horse and armor would receive ten marks per month, each foot-soldier five.

Motif References:

P 550.1.1 (Li) Aggression: rebellion; usurpation; invasion; assault

HvNAp-2956: Description of the tribe: the people are nine feet tall; their legs are six feet long, the sides two feet broad. They are not able to ride a horse, but have to go on foot. They have a hunch front and back, the shoulders are drawn upwards. The face has the features of a dog: the mouth is wide and thin, it has a beard-less skin, deep-set eyes, long-haired brows, breath smelling as bad as a toilet, their clothing consists of lion skin, the hair is long and unkempt, the stomach thin and narrow, the voice is harsh like that of a wolf, the arms are three ells long. Their king is named Lolff.

Motif References:

F 517.0.2 Long-legged people
F 529.9 (Bm) Men with humps on front and back
F 531.1.3 Feet (legs) [and arms] of giant
F 531.2 Size of giant
F 531.0.3.1 (Bm) Group or tribe or army of giant men
F 531.2.7 Giant so large he cannot be carried by a horse
F 531.1.6.11 Giant (giantess)[wild woman] with hump
F 531.1.0.2 Hideous giant
F 531.6.8.5.1 Giants have king, queen
F 531.4.7.1 Giants dressed in skin
F 576 Extraordinary ugliness
F 821.1.3 Dress of raw fur

HvNAp-2984: The armors are made of horn-scales stitched onto leather and the people are able to run faster than horses (day and night without getting exhausted). They live of wolf-, dog- and human flesh and drink horse milk. The weapons are horn bows of three ells in expansion, four ells long arrows (which penetrate even armors), helmets, lances, spears and javelins.

Motif References:

G 11.2 Cannibal giant
G 11.18 Cannibal tribe
F 531.4.5 Giant’s enormous weapons
F 531.4.7 Giant’s clothes
F 561 People of unusual diet
F 681.9.1 (Bm) Man runs faster than horse
F 824 Extraordinary [part of] armor
F 831 Extraordinary arrow [and quiver]
F 836.2 Hornbows
F 836.3 Extraordinarily large bows

HvNAp-3016: Paldein mentions furthermore that the enemy army consists of 100,000 men and that King Lolff demands his daughter in marriage. The citizens of Tarsis are willing to support the king and ask Apollonius, who dwells in town, for advice. The letters of Paldein are read aloud to him and he is begged to take the command over 20,000 citizens of Tharis. Apollonius complies with their request. The soldiers receive payment (naturally with the exception of Apollonius). The people sing once more a song in praise of Apollonius.

Motif References:

T 104 Foreign king wages war to enforce demand for princess in marriage
P 557.0.3 (Li) Military aid (alliance)
F 873.2 Enormous army (camp)

HvNAp-3116: The army departs by sea and, after some time, encounters 60 other ships. Since the soldiers from Tarsis assume that these are the troops of Gock and Magock, they engage in a battle, but the ships belong to the young king Absolon of Pliant, son of the Greek king, Julian, who transports whine on 40 ships and leads 20,000 armored knights with him.

Motif References:

N 338.5 (Bm) Friendly troops attacked in error
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War

HvNAp-3263: Absolon attacks Apollonius, is eventually wounded, dragged onto Apollonius’ ship and taken captive. Absolon has lost 3000, Apollonius1000 men. Also the other surviving Greek warriors are captured.

Motif References:

R 5 Capture on field of battle
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]

HvNAp-3308: Absolon reveals his identity as the son of the Greek king, Julian, and imparts the purpose of his journey to Apollonius: since King Paldein of Warcilon had promised his daughter Klara to him, he has been on the way to come to the king’s aid against Gock, Magock and Kolck. Apollonius replies that he is Julian’s nephew and now regrets the precipitant combat. The captives are released and the two cousins take an oath of friendship and to win beautiful Klara for Absolon (who is called also Pliant according to his country).

Motif References:

M 150 Other vows and oaths
H 151.10 Combat of unknown brothers [relatives, unrecognized friends] brings about recognition
P 311.1 Combatants become sworn brethren
P 557.0.3 (Li) Military aid (alliance)
N 746 Accidental meeting of cousins

HvNAp-3443: The troops disembark near the city Warcilon. However, as they put up the banners of Greece, Pliant, Tarsis, Tyrus and Pentapolin, King Paldin recognizes his future son-in-law. He and Apollonius are received with all honors. Klara and Absolon fall in love with each other.

Motif References:

T 15 Love at first sight
H 126 Identification by coat of arms

HvNAp-3535: After a splendid banquet, Paldein acquaints the new arrivals with the current situation: Emperor Lollf (alias Galolff), who is of ugly appearance (hunchbacked, his voice is coarse, his walk like that of a stork, four ells long legs, thin and long neck), covets beautiful Klara and demands her in marriage, the time limit for Paldein’s answer ending the following day. He stresses his request for help by taking an oath to reward the helpers with four towers full of gold.

Motif References:

T 91.7 Unequals in love – miscellaneous
T 104 Foreign king wages war to enforce demand for princess in marriage
M 150 Other vows and oaths
F 531.1.0.2 Hideous giant
F 531.5.7.0.1 Giant woos mortal woman
F 576 Extraordinary ugliness

HvNAp-3587: Apollonius advises the king to arrange a truce for the period of three days and have it confirmed by documents and the exchange of hostages (100 men). This would be an opportunity to explore possible ways of attacks and the enemy’s force. A message with this content is delivered to the emperor who consents to the settlement.

Motif References:

P 558 (Bm) Truce

HvNAp-3625: Absolon and Tyrus ride into the enemy’s army camp to take 100 hostages with them into the town. There, Apollonius tenders the excellent Greek wine to the men, which makes them easily drunk since they are not acquainted with drinking wine. This is meant to test the enemies’ behavior under the influence of wine. By their foolish conduct Apollonius recognizes their weakness and sends one cask of wine to the emperor. He is delighted and longs to have more of it. Thereupon, Apollonius has further 200 cartloads of wine conveyed to him. The entire enemy army gets drunk during the period of the truce and is thus incapable of combat.

Motif References:

P 533.1 Hostages
F 708.3 Country without wine
K 871.1 Army intoxicated and overcome
F 873.2 Enormous army (camp)

HvNAp-3750: On the last day of the truce, Apollonius’ troops charge at the disabled warriors of Ejectas (the emperor’s name from now on). In the course of the ensuing battle, the blood reaches up to the horses’ knees. The enemies are all slaughtered except for the emperor who is taken captive and brought into the city. He has to ransom his life with 200,000 gold marks (compensation for the injuries inflicted upon villages and fields through war).

Motif References:

R 5 Capture on field of battle
R 99 (Bm) Ransom
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle

HvNAp-3852: The following morning the princes and their men return to the army camp of Emperor Ejectas in order to inspect what the defeated enemies have left behind (weapons, gold, silver, jewels,1000 elephants carrying castle-like structures and 20,000 camels). On Apollonius’ generous suggestion, the spoils are left to the subjects of minor rank. The grateful King Paldein offers Ejectas’ ransom, four towers full of gold and the reign over his entire kingdom, to Apollonius, who declines, requesting only Ejectas’ beautiful tent.

Motif References:

W 11 Generosity
L 225 Hero refuses reward

HvNAp-3938: Description of the tent: it is 20 ells high,theropes are made of palmat-silk, its length has 60, its breadth 12 ells, it is fashioned from precious silks and decorated with golden, bejeweled braids. On its top, the figure of a camel represents Ejectas’ coat of arms.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
F 775 Extraordinary tent

HvNAp-3972: The numerous dead are buried in 12 pits, camels and elephants distributed as gifts. The news of the victory of Apollonius and the King of Warcilone are promulgated and songs of praise are sung in their honor and in memory of their feats of valor.

Motif References:

V 69.1 All dead are buried after battle

HvNAp-4011: The wedding feast of Klara and Absolon is celebrated; Apollonius attends though he still mourns his deceased wife. It does not take long until Klara conceives a son who is later christened Eneas. Absolon returns together with his wife to his own country. At King Paldein’s request, Apollonius stays with him for some time and helps his son, Princel, to recapture his castles and lands.

Motif References:

T 136.1 Wedding feast

HvNAp-4126: One day, a stranger clad in costly garments arrives at royal court. He has two camels that are ridden by two dwarfs. The halters are precious braids. The lord himself rides a beautiful grey horse, his hair is white, the beard long and grey, the mantle green with golden lining, and he wears a gilded hat and carries a golden, bejeweled staff in one hand.

Motif References:

F 535 Remarkably small man (Pygmie)

HvNAp-4170: At his reception in the Great Hall, he states to be sent by Pallas, Venus and Juno to predict Apollonius’ future: the country Galacides awaits the time of his reign, the goddesses favor him (which is indicated by his star), he will acquire love, wisdom, wealth, bravery, health and long life, but not until he has suffered distress and undergone various labors, then he will obtain the reign over Armenia, Bulgaria, Romania and the Golden Valley, later also Anthiochia, and finally he will be reunited with his beloved Lucina. Albedacus mentions that he has learnt the future by observation of his star and from books, realizing also that his own death will be caused by Apollonius.

Motif References:

A 185 Deity cares for favorite individuals
M 302.4.2 (Bm) Future read in stars
M 310.1 Prophecy: future greatness and fame
M 321 Prophecy: long life
M 341.2.19 Prophecy: death at hands of certain person
M 341.6 Prophecy: person foretells own death
M 369.2 Prophecies concerning love and marriage
P 481 Astrologer
D 1712.0.1 Astrologer-magician
D 1812.3 Means of learning future

HvNAp-4238: This prophecy astonishes Tyrus, but he trusts in God’s omnipotence (then, the heathen gods’ help). The master is accommodated in the castle and remains with Apollonius.

Motif References:

HvNAp-4272: The next morning the master inquires after the location of Galacides and is told that one needs three days to reach the country, but since 30 years no one has traveled there, because every stranger is killed. It is a beautiful and fertile land though: it is plain, a beautiful castle is situated at the sea-shore, the country is 30 miles long and 12 miles wide, streaked with rivers and fountains, surrounded by three mountains, a stream called Galachia flows there, the land nourishes many people who live in towns, castles or villages, and a special bird species named Galadrius lives there: when a bird of this kind turns towards a sick person, he will regain health, but when it flies away, he will die.

Motif References:

B 150 Oracular animals
B 172 Magic bird
F 701 Land of plenty
F 709 Other extraordinary countries

HvNAp-4354: This country is oppressed by a monstrous beast called Kolkan. His mother, Flata, has the size of two men, is able to run extraordinarily fast, her features are terribly hideous, the finger-nails are long claws, the eyebrows are long and black, the breasts reach down to the stomach, has shaggy hair all over her body, the movements resemble those of a goat, mucus leaks from her wide nostrils, the legs are long and thin, the feet broad, the eyes deep-set and reddened, she has humps on front and back, the tongue is long, the mouth wide, and the breath is foul.

Motif References:

G 100 Giant ogre Polyphemus
G 157 Giant ogre’s prodigious speed
F 529.9 (Bm) Men with humps on front and back
F 531 Giant
F 531.0.4 Giant woman
F 531.1.5 Breasts of giantess [wild woman]
F 531.1.6.3 Giants with shaggy hair on their bodies
F 531.2.1.6 Giantess is twice as tall as tall man
F 531.1.6.11 Giant (giantess)[wild woman] with hump
F 531.1.0.2 Hideous giant
F 552.1.3 Extraordinary fingernails
F 576 Extraordinary ugliness
F 681 Marvelous runner [extraordinary speed of runner]

HvNAp-4411: Her son’s name is Kolkan: he is even taller than his mother, his face is three ells long, and he has a stinking breath. King Paldein mentions also a former assault on Kolkan and the country of Galacide in which5000 of his men were defeated by the giant ogre. Then he continues the description of Kolkan: his skin consists of one span wide horn-scale which shields him against arrows, he runs as fast as a horse, the eyes gleam like coals, the teeth are sharp as arrows, he has griffin claws on hands and feet, his brows are like bristles. He is 30 years old, and oppresses the country since 28 years. During this period, no merchant has ever gained access to the country.

Motif References:

G 100 Giant ogre Polyphemus
G 157 Giant ogre’s prodigious speed
F 521 Person with unusual covering
F 531.1.6 Other bodily characteristics of giant
F 531.3 Gargantuan feats
F 531.1.1.2 Giant with large gleaming eyes
F 531.2 Size of giant
F 531.1.6.1 Giant [wild woman] with nails like claws
F 531.1.6.2 Giant with [remarkable] teeth { like those of saw}
F 531.1.0.2 Hideous giant
F 541.1 Flashing eyes
F 544.3 Remarkable teeth
F 558 Man covered with horn
F 576 Extraordinary ugliness
F 681 Marvelous runner [extraordinary speed of runner]
F 709 Other extraordinary countries

HvNAp-4491: 600 beautiful maidens live in the castle Galacia, since every girl who reaches the age of 12 is forced to live there. The maidens are treated in a friendly manner though and are allowed to go to the plain outside the castle and to the orchard.

Motif References:

R 41.1 Captivity in castle
R 52 (Bm) Benevolent captivity
G 111 Giant ogre(s) possess(es) castle
F 531.6.3.1 Giants live in castles (raths, duns) (ruins of which may still be seen)
F 531.5.19 (Bm) Giant’s prisoners

HvNAp-4521: Kolkan is the country’s supreme judge; he tears the criminals to pieces. From time to time he covers a distance of 80 miles and retires into the cave at Grotimondt to sleep there. While Kolkan is moving through the country, his mother Flata guards the castle in front of the gate. This is why no one is able to flee from the country. Whoever dares to leave the land and is caught is punished with death penalty. Kolkan is a mighty eater: he eats a sheep’s stomach, a roast goose, or four hens at a time and drinks half a bucket.

Motif References:

R 9 Captivity – miscellaneous
F 531.5 Giants and men
F 531.3.5 Giant steps [walks] prodigious distance
F 531.6.2.1 Giants live in mountains or caves
F 531.3.4 Giant eats (drinks) prodigious amount
F 632 Mighty eater
F 633 Mighty drinker
F 771.5.2 Castle guarded by giants (ogres)

HvNAp-4577: Already at the age of two, Kolkan goes hunting. One day, he encounters King Ciprian of Galaciten in the woods at the head of his hunting company. As the king aims his arrows also at the monstrous boy, Kolkan attacks and tears him and his companions to pieces. Then he follows their horses which return to the king’s castle. The castle’s inhabitants close the gates at the sight of the young giant, but Kolkan, who flies into a rage, climbs the wall up like a wild cat, enters the building and kills all people there but two girls, Ciprian’s beautiful daughters, and their lady-in-waiting. One is named Formosa and is ten years old; the younger, four-year-old sister is called Cirilla. Kolkan also spares the life of the king’s wife because of her great beauty. At the time of the massacre he is only five years old and not able to speak.

Motif References:

F 531.3 Gargantuan feats
F 531.3.12 Giant’s hunting (fishing)
F 531.6 Other giant motifs
F 611.3.2 Hero’s precocious strength
F 628.0.1 Precocious strong hero as mighty slayer
F 684.1 Marvelous climber
F 1088.1 Hero(-ine) spared for his (her) beauty

HvNAp-4677: Flata discovers Kolkan’s traces in the forest and follows his footprints until she reaches the castle. There she finds her son in the queen’s company, who turns pale at the sight of the giant woman. Flata assures the queen that no harm will be done to her. The queen, her two daughters, the lady-in-waiting, Flata and her son live together in the castle.

Motif References:

HvNAp-4737: At the news of Kolkan’s murder, the countrymen of Galacides besiege the castle. However, Kolkan and Flata kill about1000 of them when defending the castle, and the others take to flight. Thereupon Flata successfully urges the subjects to take an oath of allegiance which is confirmed by documents. 100 beautiful maidens (some 12, some 14 years old) are sent to Kolkan’s court where they are compelled to stay together with the queen and her daughters.

Motif References:

M 100.0.1 (Li) Oath of allegiance
F 531.3 Gargantuan feats
P 533.1 Hostages
P 557.0.4 (Li) Siege

HvNAp-4785: Young Kolkan soon gets acquainted with the local language, dresses himself according to courtly fashion (green velvet) and spends his time with the other children. Princess Formosa is the one he likes most, and he marries her 10 years later. At the wedding feast, Kolkan poses as generous sovereign. After the wedding, he withdraws into his cave Grotimont. Kolkan has not only married a girl against her will, but also ravishes the maidens who are held captive in his castle.

Motif References:

T 136.1 Wedding feast
F 531.5.7.0.4 (Bm) Giant ravishes women
F 531.5.7 Giants marry human beings

HvNAp-4843: After King Paldein has recounted these events, Albedacus gives Apollonius a prophecy (which he has learnt from the stars) that he will win the country of Galacides and become king. Apollonius, determined to free the land, takes his leave of Paldein. The best 3000 warriors are selected and gathered to join Apollonius, among them Paldein’s son, Printzel, who takes part in his first military campaign, and Albedacus. Printzel bears a snow-white swan on a red shield as coat of arms.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
M 302.4.2 (Bm) Future read in stars
M 314 Prophecy: man (child) will become king
M 369.5 Prophecies concerning invasion and conquest
P 551 Army
D 1812.3 Means of learning future

HvNAp-4914: After a sea voyage of three days, the army finally approaches Galacia. Master Albedacus warns the seamen against imminent peril, which has been announced by an ominous star. Soon after his has uttered these words, a terrible thunderstorm arises that frightens even the most experienced seamen. As the heavy clouds finally draw off, they realize that the ship has been driven more than 100 miles out to the open sea. However, they are near an island where they cast anchor.

Motif References:

F 134 Otherworld on island
F 141.2.1 Storm (snow, hail) as barrier to otherworld
M 302.4.2 (Bm) Future read in stars
N 399.1.1 (Bm) Wind carries ship to hostile [unknown] island [land]
D 1812.3 Means of learning future
D 1812.5.1.6 Stars furnish omens

HvNAp-4975: landed on the sea-shore, Apollonius perceives the voice of a woman who seems to be in distress. Thereupon he arms himself, leaves Printzel at the shore, taking only a page with him, and follows the voice. On his way, he comes across a monstrous creature whose upper half has the shape of a human being with a hideous face, the lower part that of a horse. The beast attacks the knight and tears the breastplate from his armor. Apollonius eventually inflicts a wound on him, but is then thrown to the ground by the beast (called Achiron, Kolkan’s father) and lies unconscious. The page grabs his lord’s weapons and pierces Achiron with the lance, but is then thrown to the ground as well and nearly killed. The woman’s moaning wakes Apollonius who soon recovers gaining new strength. Despite his many wounds, he takes the fight up again, but is knocked to the ground by the beast’s hind legs. Although the siren is not able to move, she has her hands free to put an herb into the unconscious knight’s mouth which has a reviving effect. Once again he takes up the fight, this time killing the beast with a sword blow. The siren’s magic herb revives the page.

Motif References:

R 9 Captivity – miscellaneous
B 21 Centaur: man-horse
B 53.0.1 Siren in mermaid form
R 111.1 Princess (maiden) rescued from captor
P 361 Faithful servant [vassal]
F 526 Person with compound body
N 770 Experiences leading to adventures

HvNAp-5139: The siren is a woman of extraordinary beauty: her body is snow-white and well-shaped, she has long blond hair, red lips and bright eyes, and she wears a crown which rises from her head. Her body ends though beneath the knees in the form of a fish. She is a mermaid (merminne) who has been abducted by Achiron, the lord of all sea-people and was about to be raped by him. Achiron’s uncle is Pluto, who supported his crime by sending the thunderstorm; Kolkan is his son, Flata his wife. Achiron demanded the queen’s two beautiful daughters for his sons, and, upon her denial, abducted the queen.

Motif References:

R 10.1 Princess (maiden) abducted
B 81 Mermaid
B 81.9.5.1 Mermaid has white skin
B 81.13.11 Mermaid captured
A 197 Deity controls elements
F 526 Person with compound body
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman

HvNAp-5203: On the queen’s request, Tyrus discloses his identity and his purpose to defeat the monster Kolkan. For this, he receives a magic ring from the mermaid with the instructions to wear it on the left hand rendering its owner invisible as soon as he closes his hand. She mentions also Achiron’s extraordinary bow which is so strong that the arrows penetrate even Kolkan’s horn skin. Moreover, she recommends Apollonius to get hold of Kolkan’s sword which he keeps hanging on a wall in a certain chamber in Grotimunt. With the aid of the magic ring, Tyrus should go there, take the sword from the wall, lay in onto the horn-scales which fall off Kolkan’s skin every year, and then take it with him. Through this procedure, the sword is rendered sharp enough to penetrate Kolkan’s horn skin.

Motif References:

D 810 Magic object a gift
F 833 Extraordinary sword
F 836 Extraordinary bow
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1361.17 Magic ring renders invisible
D 1782 Sympathetic magic: Magic results obtained by imitating desired action
D 1799 Magic results from other acts

HvNAp-5262: In the meantime, Printzel and the others leave to search for Apollonius. They find the slain Achiron and Apollonius in the company of the nude mermaid. Apollonius informs his companions about the occurrences that have happened since he left the shore. Then, to test the power of the ring, he puts it on his finger, closes his hand and disappears before their very eyes. Having made himself visible again, he takes the bow and the quiver with him. The mermaid begs the men to carry her back into the sea since she is no longer able to live outside of water. Approaching the sea-shore, they hear moaning voices coming from the sea. The queen answers by singing a beautiful song and is then joyfully received by the sirens. Before they finally vanish into the sea they sing a song in praise of Apollonius, the queen allows him to wear a siren as coat of arms from now on.

Motif References:

B 53.4.1 (Bm) Sirens’ irresistible [beautiful] song
B 81.13 Miscellaneous actions of mermaid
P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms

HvNAp-5366: The army sets off for Galacia and reaches the castle on the following morning. Kolkan is apprised of the arrival of an enemy army. Tyrus puts the magic ring on a finger of his left hand, hands his bow over to Printzel, who is a good archer, and then secretly enters the castle. He finds everything in accordance with the mermaid’s predictions and handles the sword in the way she has told.

Motif References:

K 324 Theft by use of coat [ring] of invisibility
G 610 Theft from ogre
D 838.2 Magic object taken from ogre’s house
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1081 Magic sword
D 1361.17 Magic ring renders invisible
D 1782 Sympathetic magic: Magic results obtained by imitating desired action

HvNAp-5435: Kolkan fights against Apollonius’ army single-handedly since his mother dwells somewhere in the country. He kills many warriors by hurling stones at them, but is finally pierced by an arrow shot by Printzel with Achiron’s bow. Kolkan identifies his father’s weapon which alone can wound him and is then pierced by another arrow. As he turns to flight, Apollonius slays him by cutting off a leg with Kolkan’s own sword.

Motif References:

G 150 Giant ogres – miscellaneous
Z 312 Unique deadly weapon
N 399 Additional unlucky accidents
G 512 Ogre killed
G 512.1 Ogre killed with knife (sword)
F 531.6.12.6 Giant slain by man
F 531.3 Gargantuan feats
F 836 Extraordinary bow

HvNAp-5517: As Flata learns of her son’s death, she blames Formosa for the theft of Kolkan’s sword, but before she is able to kill her and incite Kolkan’s son Terkiß to avenge his father; she and the boy (who resembles Kolkan) however are slain by Tyrus. Formosa does not mourn the death of her formidable child.

Motif References:

R 170 Rescue – miscellaneous motifs
G 512 Ogre killed
F 531.6.12.6 Giant slain by man
G 550 Rescue from ogre
J 647 Avoiding enemy’s revenge

HvNAp-5557: The news of the ogres’ death spreads throughout the country, and the princess Cirilla offers her hand and the country Galacides to the victorious hero (challenging him to a “single combat” with her). Though Tyrus means to remain faithful to his supposedly deceased spouse Lucina, he finally yields to his companions’ wish that he should marry the princess.

Motif References:

Q 53.3.4 (Bm) Lady weds rescuer
T 55 Girl as wooer. Forthputting woman
T 68.1 Princess offered as prize to rescuer
Q 112.0.1 Kingdom as reward
T 211 Faithfulness to marriage in death

HvNAp-5721: The public encounter of Tyrus and the remarkably beautiful girl Cirilla, who is accompanied by 600 maidens, is celebrated with a feast (Ejectas beautiful tent pitched in front of the castle). The date of the wedding is appointed. Tyrus sends envoys to Barcilone with an invitation for King Paldein, and arranges 500 marriages between local and foreign nobles and the beautiful maidens. Printzel obtains the hand of the Spanish King’s daughter.

Motif References:

T 15 Love at first sight
R 111.1 Princess (maiden) rescued from captor
T 190 Marriage – miscellaneous motifs
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
P 634 Feasts
F 775 Extraordinary tent

HvNAp-5917: Four weeks later Apollonius and Cirilla get married. The morning after the wedding night, Queen Anthonia comes to the bridal chamber with two maids playing beautiful music. The couple is thus wakened and then dressed in costly garments. A golden bird is sewn into Apollonius’ gown, which has been once the heraldic device of King Ciprian. The splendid wedding feast endures for four weeks. Only the kings Printzel and Paldein remain longer in Galacia, then depart as well. Apollonius and Cirilla reign over Galacides, Formosa and her mother also living in the royal castle.

Motif References:

W 11.2 Munificent monarch
T 136.1 Wedding feast
T 137 Customs following wedding
T 160 Consummation of marriage
F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)

HvNAp-6049: The horn-scales from Kolkan’s skin are collected and fixed to a metal plate, a shield and a helmet, since they make them unpierceable. This armor and the weapons belong to the king.

Motif References:

F 824 Extraordinary [part of] armor
F 839.2 Extraordinary shield

HvNAp-6069: One day, messengers arrive at the royal court that bring King Jechonia of Assyria’s invitation to a tournament. The most valiant knight will win not only honor and the lady’s appreciation, but also horses, silver, gold, and the hand of a beautiful lady. Despite Cirilla’s objections, Apollonius is determined to accept the invitation and amplify his renown by feats of valor.

Motif References:

T 68.7 (Bm) Princess [maiden] as prize in tournament [single combat]
H 1561.1 Tests of valor: tournament

HvNAp-6169: 100 knights are equipped for the tournament. Formosa bestows Achiron’s black horn-lance (called Susan) on Apollonius that penetrates any armor. Albedacus, the sooth-sayer, prophesies a successful ending of the king’s enterprise, but also misfortune on his way home. Apollonius is not worried about the prophecy’s second part, knowing that an honorable life entails distress and labor (wisdom written in books).

Motif References:

J 166 Wisdom from books
M 310 Favorable prophecies
M 358 Prophecies connected with journeys
F 832 Extraordinary lance
D 1086 Magic lance
D 1404 Magic object pierces

HvNAp-6213: Apollonius and his comrades reach the town of Gerunda and are welcomed and conducted into the castle. The haughty king Jechonias, who believes himself invincible (his pride will be brought low some day), gives Apollonius a friendly welcome. The following morning Apollonius has his beautiful tent pitched outside of the town, where it is admired by men and women. The knights engage in mounted games.

Motif References:

P 561 Tournaments
F 775 Extraordinary tent

HvNAp-6276: Only on the third day the princes partake in the combats. The beautiful wife of King Jechonia, offered as prize to the most valiant knight of the tournament, appears on the tilt-yard. Jechonia will serve the man who wins his wife as ministerial. Apollonius resolves to humiliate the haughty king who gives away his own wife by a defeat in single combat.

Motif References:

T 68.7 (Bm) Princess [maiden] as prize in tournament [single combat]

HvNAp-6303: In the joust between King Jechonias (who wears sun and moon as coat of arms) and Apollonius (the siren is his heraldic symbol); the latter kills his opponent with the horn-lance which penetrates the helmet. The dead king is lamented by his beautiful wife Marmella.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
L 419 Proud ruler (deity) humbled – miscellaneous
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
D 1086 Magic lance
D 1404 Magic object pierces

HvNAp-6353: His victory in single combat has won Apollonius the kingdom of Assyria. He promises the queen that he will treat her honorably. The magnates give him land and people, among them a virtuous count named Palmer, whom Apollonius appoints as regent and marries to Marmella.

Motif References:

T 141.3 Hero assigns the bride he has won to another
P 193 (Bm) Guardian [regent]

HvNAp-6427: On Albedacus’ suggestion, Apollonius’ ship is equipped with food supply sufficient for one year. In the course of the sea journey, they drop anchor at a beautiful island to have a rest from the strain caused by the journey. As Apollonius catches sight of an unusual, colorful bird he follows it into the woods. The bird eventually flies away, and Apollonius is not able to find his way back to his companions. He prays that God may send an angel who leads him back to the ship. At this moment, a fierce thunderstorm arises which compels the helmsman to maneuver the ships out to the open sea, thus abandoning the king on the island. After the storm has let up, Apollonius returns to the place where his ship has landed and finds it deserted.

Motif References:

V 50 Prayer
F 134 Otherworld on island
F 159.1 Otherworld reached by hunting animal
N 310 Accidental separations
F 730 Extraordinary island
B 770 Other fanciful traits of animals
N 774.3 Adventures from pursuing animal (not magic)

HvNAp-6545: Apollonius laments his fate, assuming that his companions have drowned in a shipwreck. Furthermore, he blames himself for the death of Lucina and regrets to have remarried so soon.

Motif References:

HvNAp-6600: Apollonius walks towards a mountain, traversing a brook full of precious stones and taking a small amount with him. He is strengthened by the jewels.

Motif References:

F 162.2.10 Jewels in streams of otherworld
F 715 Extraordinary river

HvNAp-6618: Suddenly Apollonius catches sight of a marvelous creature approaching him: it is all green but for the belly (which is white), has a snub nose like a dog, its skin glistens in various colors, and it wears a beautiful crown. Apollonius prepares himself for a fight against the strange creature, but it behaves friendly towards him, creeping on its belly. The animal emits a fragrance which strengthens Apollonius. As it gestures him to follow, Apollonius is guided up the mountain to a lovely meadow. When it calls outs three times, wild beasts appear out of the forest: leopards, lions, panthers, unicorns, bisons, bears, wild boars, elephants and camels.

Motif References:

B 13 Unicorn
B 14 Other hybrid animals
F 167.1.1 Beasts in otherworld
B 221 Animal kingdom – quadrupeds
B 241 King of beasts (quadrupeds)
B 739 Fanciful color, smell etc. of animals – miscellaneous
F 812 Extraordinary forest

HvNAp-6701: The strange animal creeps towards Apollonius like a dog and bows its head, and the other animals behave submissively as well; a miracle God has worked. The beasts dig a well and a cave for Apollonius. Moreover, the beautiful animal that has guided him brings a palatable root which strengthens and nourishes him since he has not eaten anything for three days. Even the spring’s water has marvelous power: every time he drinks it, he feels light and agile because the water drives away every pain. Apollonius constructs a sunshade from branches and cuts arrows and a bow with his knife. Furthermore, he carries a lighter with him, which will be of high value in the winter. He catches birds and fish (the marvelous animal providing him with game) and thus lives in the wilderness for one year and four weeks.

Motif References:

B 430 Helpful wild beasts
B 498 Helpful mythical animal
B 514 Animal fetches remedy for man
B 531 Animals provide food for men
B 538 Animals provide shelter
F 569 Unusual manner of life – miscellaneous
F 718 Extraordinary well
F 815 Extraordinary plants
D 1242.1 Magic water
D 1500.1.18 Magic healing water
D 1514 Magic object relieves pain
D 2161 Magic healing power

HvNAp-6795: Contrary to Apollonius’ assumption that his comrades have drowned in a shipwreck, their ship has only been driven out to the open Red Sea by Achiron’s son Flegedein, who has not been able to kill the crew because they are in possession of his father’s marvelous bow and the armor of Apollonius. On the Red Sea, the ship is rendered immovable by the water’s viscous substance (sleyme), and Flegedein finally moves away.

Motif References:

G 308 Sea-monster
F 711.2 Sea of unusual substance
F 711.2.6 (Tu) Congealed Sea
F 836 Extraordinary bow
B 877.1 Giant sea-monster
F 963 Extraordinary behavior of wind

HvNAp-6831: The ship has already been there since one year, only one third of the crew has survived, the food is consumed; the men have already eaten the horses. One morning, Proserpina, Alkmeina, the goddesses of wind, Venus, Juppiter and other pass the ship in a haze. Albedacus retains the gods with his magic skills and forces them to move the ship out of the Lebermeer into the regions of the “normal” sea. This fulfilled, Albedacus releases the gods and urges the helmsman to return to the island where they left Apollonius. By night, when observing the stars he learns that great misfortune will befall him the next day.

Motif References:

N 101 Inexorable fate
A 171 Gods ride through air
A 189 Gods in relation to mortals – miscellaneous
M 302.4.2 (Bm) Future read in stars
M 340.6 Prophecy of great misfortune
D 1812.3 Means of learning future
D 2198 Magic control of spirits (angels, [gods])

HvNAp-6877: The following morning, Apollonius discerns his ship at the horizon and then welcomes the surviving comrades. He gives the emaciated and weak men to eat from his roots and leads them to the well with the strengthening water.

Motif References:

F 718 Extraordinary well
F 815 Extraordinary plants
D 965 Magic plants
D 967 Magic roots
D 1242.1 Magic water
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food
D 1335.2.2 Water as magic strengthening drink

HvNAp-6939: Apollonius tells his men about the marvelous animal that has taken care of him: it is lord of more than 1000 wild beasts, has given the strengthening root to Apollonius and on its order the wild beasts have tamely obeyed him. From this account, Albedacus concludes that the animal must be Milgot whose heart has the power to drive away pains. Since the magician knows how to control the animals, he leaves the others secretly to search for Milgot. As he finds the friendly animal, he writes a charm and binds it around the animal’s neck. Milgot succumbs to the magic words: it loses its strength and falls down to the earth. Albedacus returns to the ship to fetch a knife and then sets off once more towards the woods, but this time followed by Apollonius.

Motif References:

B 240 King of animals
B 498 Helpful mythical animal
B 575.1 Wild animals kept as dogs
D 1015.1 Magic heart of animal
D 1266.1 Magic writings (gramerye, runes)
D 1273 Magic formula (charm)
D 1336.8 Magic spell gives weakness
D 1410.5 Serpent [animal] charmed into helplessness by magic formula
D 1449 Magic object gives miscellaneous powers over animals
D 1514 Magic object relieves pain
D 1837 Magic weakness
D 2156 Magic control over animals

HvNAp-6993: The moment Albedacus is about to cut out the animal’s heart with his knife – eating the heart banishes pain and aging for the period of 100 years – he is held back by Apollonius whose gratitude towards Milgot prompts him to save its life. As Apollonius removes the magic writing from the animal’s neck, Albedacus takes to flight, but to no avail: he is pursued by the animals and led into the deep forest. He has not been seen any more from that day on. Milgot brings roots for Apollonius and then guides him back to the shore where he meets his comrades.

Motif References:

B 240 King of animals
B 339 Death of helpful animal – miscellaneous
D 1266.1 Magic writings (gramerye, runes)
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food
D 1338 Magic object rejuvenates
D 1342 Magic object gives health
D 1383.2 Charms protect from poison
D 1383 Magic object protects from poison
D 1515.2 Charms as antidote for poison
D 1515 Magic antidote for poison

HvNAp-7075: Apollonius and his men finally leave the island and reach Galacia four weeks later. There, they are apprised of the dire tidings of Cirilla’s death, and Apollonius laments the loss of his wife. He sees his newborn son Ermogines for the first time and commends him to the care of Sirinus, setting out himself for Warcilone to see Paldein and Printzel. On his arrival there, he is acquainted with the news of King Paldein’s demise. Nevertheless, a feast is celebrated in honor of Apollonius after which he returns to Galacia together with Printzel.

Motif References:

P 193 (Bm) Guardian [regent]

HvNAp-7187: One day, four beautifully dressed envoys appear at Apollonius’ court, leading with them 24 pack animals ridden by dwarfs. They are sent by King Balthasar of Armenia to beg for Apollonius’ aid against Abacuck of Great Romania who lays claim on Balthasar’s land. Balthasar is willing to subject his rich country to the sovereignty of Apollonius when he rescues it from the invaders. Apollonius assures them of his help and the messengers deliver his answer to their lord.

Motif References:

P 14.15.1 (Old, wise) Counsellors of court [King’s council]
F 535 Remarkably small man (Pygmie)
P 557.0.3 (Li) Military aid (alliance)
F 709 Other extraordinary countries

HvNAp-7293: Apollonius gathers an army of 20,000 men and commends his land and his son once more to Sirinus’ care. After a fortunate sea voyage, the army reaches the city of Filadelfia where they are welcomed by King Balthasar. He lays his scepter and crown down at Apollonius’ feet to demonstrate his submission which Apollonius refuses to accept. Balthasar summons an army of 100,000 men.

Motif References:

W 11.2 Munificent monarch
P 193 (Bm) Guardian [regent]
L 225 Hero refuses reward
P 551 Army

HvNAp-7382: On the news of his enemy’s levy, Abacuk assembles an army of 200,000 soldiers. He invades and devastates the country of Parichia, where the two armies meet. Balthasar bears a black dragon on his golden shield and fights together with his son Assur. During the battle, Apollonius encourages his men since one has to fight against 30 enemies. He fights with Kolkan’s lance and wears his unpierceable armor.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
P 550.1.1 (Li) Aggression: rebellion; usurpation; invasion; assault
P 557 Military customs
F 824 Extraordinary [part of] armor
F 832 Extraordinary lance
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]

HvNAp-7537: In the course of the battle, Apollonius twice rescues his friend Printzel from dangerous situations. After the second rescue, he puts a healing herb in his mouth which renews his strength. The battle is so furious that streams of blood flow from the wounds of men and horses.

Motif References:

F 815 Extraordinary plants
D 965 Magic plants
D 967 Magic roots
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food

HvNAp-7637: Abacuk attacks Apollonius from behind and hits him unconscious, but is himself assaulted by King Balthasar and killed in single combat. Apollonius recovers his strength by eating from his magic root. On the battlefield, the horses wade in blood up to the knees.

Motif References:

P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
F 815 Extraordinary plants
D 965 Magic plants
D 967 Magic roots
F 1084.1 Deep streams of blood flow during battle
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food

HvNAp-7784: Faced with the imminent defeat, one of Abacuk’s allies named Nemrott takes to flight and withdraws into the castle Gabilot, which is situated by the river Euphrates. The building is round and very huge, guarded by 100 watchmen, contains 72 towers and enclosed by three 12 feet wide and 18 ells high walls. While Nemrot stays there, the troops of Apollonius and Balthasar devastate the surrounding land.

Motif References:

Z 71.14 Formulistic number: seventy-two
R 220 Flights
R 310 Refuges
F 771 Extraordinary castle (house, palace)

HvNAp-7841: One day news reach Nemrot that Apollonius and Assur are approaching with a troop of1000 men (King Balthasar remaining in Filadelfia in the meantime). Nemrot has more than5000 men ambush the enemy troop. After about 500 soldiers have been killed by Nemrot’s army, Assur and his men flee and leave Apollonius behind. He defends himself bravely against the superior force and slays every opponent – whenever weakness befalls him, he is strengthened by the healing herbs.

Motif References:

P 14 Particular practices of kings
W 32 Bravery
W 121 Cowardice
R 220 Flights
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
F 628.2 Strong man kills men
F 815 Extraordinary plants
D 965 Magic plants
D 967 Magic roots
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food
K 2369 Military strategy – miscellaneous

HvNAp-7943: Following the advice of a man named Klimodan, Nemrot spares the life of Apollonius for the purpose of gaining his help against his enemy, King Rangolt of Turkey. Apollonius, having been taken captive, consents on condition that he is allowed to keep his armor. Then, he takes an oath of allegiance to Nemrot. Under the name of Lonius the bearded Apollonius becomes part of Nemrot’s household, receiving two pages and participating in courtly entertainments such as hunting.

Motif References:

R 5 Capture on field of battle
P 14.15.1 (Old, wise) Counsellors of court [King’s council]
M 100.0.1 (Li) Oath of allegiance
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
K 1831 Service under a false name

HvNAp-8073: One day, Nemrot begs Lonius to go to Babylonia, a rich, but deserted town, to inform him about the circumstances there. Lonius would be set free as reward for this accomplishing this task. Nemrot warns him of the dragons and serpents of which the region is well known for and demands a token for the successful journey. Before his departure, Lonius has to vow that he will not flee.

Motif References:

H 84 Tokens of exploits
M 150 Other vows and oaths
F 709 Other extraordinary countries
F 766 Deserted city
F 769 Other extraordinary cities
H 921 King (father) assigns tasks (to his unknown son)
H 1199 Other tasks

HvNAp-8135: Lonius puts on his armor and travels through the wilderness, coming across a plain with lions, panthers, leopards, unicorns and bears. Finally, he reaches the river Euphrates (which flows from paradise) and crosses it around midday when dragons and serpents and other wild beasts use to sleep. Boldly he is approaching the town though he hears the roars of dragons.

Motif References:

B 13 Unicorn
F 162.2.1.1 (Bm) Water or river flowing from paradise

HvNAp-8183: Description of Babylon: it is a huge town, enclosed by a city wall of white marble, crowned with beautiful towers; the streets are paved with marble stones. This beauty is diminished only be grass that grows between the stones, since the city is deserted due to God’s curse (no human being is able to remain there longer than one day). Apollonius comes to a worn down stairway which leads him into a palace decorated with marble and jewels. Two golden lions are placed in front of a narrow beautiful door, also embellished with jewels.

Motif References:

F 169 Nature of the otherworld – miscellaneous
M 411.4.1 Curse by a god
M 475 Curse on a city
F 761.5 City paved with precious seeds
F 766 Deserted city
F 769 Other extraordinary cities
F 771 Extraordinary castle (house, palace)
F 782.2 Door of precious stones

HvNAp-8244: Through this door he enters a chamber which is embellished with jewels and in that chamber he finds a male and a female centaur, half human, half horse, both having beautiful features, skin and hair white as ivory. The two centaurs are playing chess, but at the sight of Lonius take to flight. The female beast is not able to escape yet, but is restrained by Lonius. She bears a precious brooch and two costly rings. Even though the male centaur shoots arrows at Lonius, he is able to capture the female. She offers him a treasure for sparing her life and reveals to be Achiron’s daughter, called Pliades. Her husband’s name is Piramort. She gives her two rings to Lonius, asserting that they will one day save his life, and upon his demand also the brooch, which he needs as token to prove his sojourn in the city. Additionally, he grabs the precious chessboard and the pieces and then leaves the town, followed though by Pliades and Piramort.

Motif References:

B 21 Centaur: man-horse
H 84 Tokens of exploits
M 234.3 Life bought for gold
F 781 Extraordinary rooms
F 825 Extraordinary ring
F 829 Extraordinary clothing and ornaments – miscellaneous
F 899.2 Extraordinary game-board

HvNAp-8387: On his way, Lonius is attacked by 500 monstrous creatures, upper half human and lower half beast; furthermore by dragons, vipers and snakes. Lonius is able to fight his way through the beasts until a flying dragon assails him. His horse is already pierced by many arrows and adders and snakes adhere to its legs. The excruciating fight with the dragon brings Lonius once on the verge of death, but he puts a healing herb in his mouth and thus regains his strength. Finally he slays the beast by piercing its heart and runs quickly to the river. There he discovers that he has lost a piece of his chess game. He recovers through drinking from the river and puts a strengthening root in his horse’s mouth.

Motif References:

B 11.11 Fight with dragon
B 11.2.11 Fire-breathing dragon
B 11.4.1 Flying dragon
F 526 Person with compound body
F 815 Extraordinary plants
D 965 Magic plants
D 967 Magic roots
D 1242.1 Magic water
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food

HvNAp-8503: Then he traverses the river Euphrates. As he hears the din of approaching dragons, he puts the rings on a finger and thus reaches the other bank unharmed. On the opposite side of the river are around1000 dreadful dragons which are not able to cross the river due to a curse on the land. The land on Lonius’ side is very fertile and bearing nutmeg, clove, ginger and galangal.

Motif References:

F 141.1 River as barrier to otherworld
M 474 Curse on land
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1388.0.1 Magic ring protects from drowning
D 1520.12 Magic transportation by ring
D 1524 Magic object enables person to cross water

HvNAp-8533: Lonius continues his journey until night falls. The concern for his feeble horse prompts him to walk on foot. He comes into a forest and camps near a small river. He takes off his armor and eats from his root before he falls asleep.

Motif References:

HvNAp-8579: It is around midnight when a wild woman approaches the sleeping Lonius and steals the brooch, his sword, armor, shield, helmet and the horse. Lonius takes notice of the theft not until the next morning, and then he laments the loss of the token that proves his journey and is ashamed of his uncouth appearance. The fear that Nemrot will not believe that he has performed the task is baseless though, since Nemrot has watched Lonius’ dragon fight from the distance. Climodein sets out to guide Lonius out of the forest but comes only across his horse which has escaped the wild woman (she flees at the sight of Climodein). After a while he finds Lonius as well.

Motif References:

K 331 Goods stolen while owner sleeps
F 567.1 Wild woman
F 899.2 Extraordinary game-board

HvNAp-8827: One day Nemrot tells Lonius about a remarkably beautiful country: only three day journeys away, but no one has entered it since 20 years because two monsters, named Serpanta and Ydrogant, guard the entrance. The name of the country is Golden Valley, it is another paradise, a land of plenty, and no one grows old there or dies unless he wants to. Winter and summer alternate two times a year, there is no violence, the winter is not cold (flowers and grass blossom, neither frost nor snow cover the land). No one dares to tell a lie or to cheat since these offences are punished with banishment. Only people with a faultless character are able to enter the country. There is plenty of food, exquisite wine, various kinds of fruit and white bread, partridge and pheasant are caught by hand; stag and hind are tame. Wild and tame animals live peacefully together. The country’s water is the best of the world and it contains various kinds of fish. One river is named Tigris; it flows from paradise and carries jewels and gold.

Motif References:

F 136.1 Otherworld in the east
F 150.2 Entrance to other world guarded by monsters (or animals)
F 161 Weather in otherworld
F 162.2.10 Jewels in streams of otherworld
F 162.2.1.1 (Bm) Water or river flowing from paradise
F 167.9 Otherworld people [things in otherworld] ever young, ever beautiful
F 167.1 Animals in otherworld
F 169.8 Abundance in otherworld
F 173.2 Otherworld land of peace
Q 431 Punishment: banishment (exile)
F 701 Land of plenty
F 709.4.1 (Bm) Land of two summers and two winters
F 715 Extraordinary river
F 989 Extraordinary occurrences concerning animals – miscellaneous
D 1338.7 Land of youth. Land which keeps off old age
D 1850 Immortality
D 1883 Eternal youth

HvNAp-8900: The land is entered through a golden gate, in front of which stands a bejeweled and golden wheel. These jewels have the power to let only faultless and honest men pass. Behind the gate rises a city adjoined by a marsh and an enclosure which make the city inaccessible since the monsters Serpanta and her husband Ydrogant live there. As soon as someone approaches the city, Ydrogant raises a formidable thunderstorm.

Motif References:

F 150.2 Entrance to other world guarded by monsters (or animals)
F 156 Door to otherworld
F 776 Extraordinary gate
D 1071 Magic jewel (jewels)
D 1207 Magic wheel
H 1550 Tests of character
D 2141 Storm produced by magic

HvNAp-8938: The country is ruled by Candor, whose fames even spreads as far as Inner India. His wife is called Palmena and his daughter Diomena is of extraordinary beauty. Whoever wishes to win the hand of the princess has to not only come across the wheel and pass the gate, but also to overcome 60 knights. Every defeated adversary must enter his service. When he is subdued himself, he has to choose between entering the service of the victor or banishment. Lonius resolves to free the land from the monsters Serpanta and Ydrogant and takes his leave of Nemrot. Climodin and 200 men accompany Lonius on his journey.

Motif References:

F 167.12 King of otherworld
H 335.0.2 Girl assigns tasks to her suitors
H 359 Other suitor tests
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman

HvNAp-9003: After a three-day journey they come across Serpanta and Ydrogant. The female monster has a seize of four fathoms and she moves remarkably swift; her hair are snakes, lizards and adders issue from her skin; poison leaks from her nostrils; the neck is as long as a log, the nostrils are wide, the teeth yellow and sharp; the mouth broad and the ears are long. She attacks Lonius by blowing two stinking lumps of pus with the size of a fist at him and spitting a green fluid from her mouth. Lonius is protected though by his magic ring and cuts 12 snakes off with his sword. Serpanta calls for Ydrogant’s aid and reminds him of her mother Prigamot’s prophecy that Apollonius of Tyrlant will kill them both.

Motif References:

G 100 Giant ogre Polyphemus
G 157 Giant ogre’s prodigious speed
M 341.2.19 Prophecy: death at hands of certain person
G 369 Monstrous ogres – miscellaneous
F 521 Person with unusual covering
F 531.2 Size of giant
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1380.23 Magic ring protects

HvNAp-9081: Description of Ydrogant: he has the seize of a lance, his body is green all over and ends in a fish-tail covered with white scales, his breath is foul-smelling, he has feet with webs like a goose, he does not wear clothes. The face is one ell broad, two tusks protrude from his mouth, the nose is crooked like a beak and he has deep-set eyes and long ears. Ydrogant reveals that he is Pluto’s son and tells Lonius about a prophecy that he will win the hand of Diamena only after he has attained freedom (he is still Nemrot’s captive).

Motif References:

G 100 Giant ogre Polyphemus
M 369 Miscellaneous prophecies
F 518 Persons with tails
F 531.1.7.1 Green giant
F 531.1.6.2.4 (Bm) Giant has 2 tusks

HvNAp-9129: As Apollonius charges at him, Ydrogant flees into a valley where he finds his two magic pitchers. By pouring the content out of one pitcher he produces a tremendous thunderstorm that many of Apollonius’ companions perish. Climodin and Apollonius survive and return to Nemrot. Climodin reveals the true identity of Lonius to his lord and reminds him to release Apollonius into freedom according to his promise. But Nemrot turns out to be a treacherous king, he now refuses to set Apollonius free.

Motif References:

M 205 Breaking of bargains and promises
D 905 Magic storm
D 1171.4 Magic pitcher
D 1541.1 Magic object raises storm
D 1782 Sympathetic magic: Magic results obtained by imitating desired action
D 2141 Storm produced by magic
D 2143.1.1 Rain produced by pouring water
K 2246.1 Treacherous king

HvNAp-9205: When Nemrot becomes aware of Apollonius’ increasing esteem among his men, he plans his murder. For this purpose, he asks Apollonius’ aid against 12 defiant vassals. Apollonius complies with this request due to his rank as the king’s knight. Subsequently, letters are dispatched to summon the 12 brothers to the royal court and to announce a military action in case they will not obey. The defiant vassals reply that they will appear at court in ten days’ time. Despite the fact that the 12 lords each bring a retinue of1000 knights with them and Nemrot has gathered an army of 10,000 men, the combat is supposed to be fought in a circle by only two opponents, the brothers succeeding each other when one is defeated.

Motif References:

H 218 Trial by combat
P 251.6.7 Twelve brothers
H 931 Tasks assigned in order to get rid of hero

HvNAp-9279: The names of the 12 brothers are listed. Asclepian is the first to jump into the circle and take up the fight, but as Apollonius cuts off his right hand, he is succeeded by his brother Alkysin, who is then killed by Apollonius. Auriga, Celicon and Woletus (a giant who bears a steel bar as weapon) share the same fate as their brother. As Apollonius is attacked at once by all the remaining brothers, Nemrot gives the signal to begin the battle.

Motif References:

F 531.4.5.2 Giant with iron bar as weapon
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War

HvNAp-9437: A reptile named Pelua is allured by the battle din. It lives in a cave nearby, is capable of killing both horses and men, has a length of four lances and moves on 12 legs, his mouth is four fathoms wide. Everyone takes to flight as the creature approaches, except for Apollonius who is deprived of his horse. The reptile carries several dead bodies and Apollonius to its cave. Lonius is protected against the monster’s poison by his magic ring. Then, the reptile lets go of its prey and Apollonius falls down a cliff. For one day and one night he lies unconscious at its bottom.

Motif References:

R 13.4 Abduction by reptile
B 92 Other mythical reptiles
G 312 Cannibal ogre
G 354 Reptile as ogre
G 450 Falling into ogre’s power – miscellaneous
G 580 Ogre otherwise subdued
B 776 Venomous animals
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1383.3 Magic ring protects against poison

HvNAp-9479: A wild woman named Gargana lives in this area. She has abducted 100 children not older than ten years into her cave in retribution for the murder of her son Grissoppo. Gargana now finds Apollonius lying unconscious and takes him with her to the cave where she intends to roast and eat him. On her way, she comes across Belua, flees the beast and is pursued for three days before she is able to return to her cave. In the meantime, Apollonius who has been left behind in the cave regains consciousness and eats a bracing root. The children recount how he has come into the cave and are assured that they will be rescued. Finally, Gargana returns with food for the children. She is attacked by Apollonius, falls from a rock and is killed by the impact.

Motif References:

R 10.3 Children abducted
R 39 Abduction – miscellaneous
R 45.3 Captivity in cave
R 110 Rescue of captive
F 567.1 Wild woman

HvNAp-9615: Apollonius leads the children out of the cave and wanders with them through the wilderness until nightfall when they discover a little hut. There, they find an old man, his wife and son and are warmly received. Upon the tidings of the children’s’ fate the old man inquires after Clinisor, the son of Count Grandicor, with whom he once went out hunting and who was abducted by Gargana. Silomant, how the old man is called, was punished by depriving him of his land and has earned his living from that day on as ferryman. He is now glad to see Clinisor alive. Apollonius finds the shield he has once lost hanging in the ferryman’s hut (the old man has found it) and receives it back. The following day, Silomant guides the group further through the forest until they reach a castle in the evening. This castle’s lord, a count, turns out to be the father of one of the abducted girls. By messengers all the other families affected are informed of their children’s’ rescue. Apollonius is celebrated and honored, but he declines any reward. Silomant is reestablished by Count Grandicor as lord of his country and receives garments, silver, horses and 500 marks as reward.

Motif References:

L 225 Hero refuses reward
P 413 Ferryman
Q 595 Loss or destruction of property as punishment
N 699 Other lucky accidents
N 825.2 Old man helper

HvNAp-9765: The country’s magnates urge King Nemrot to release the valiant and faithful knight as reward for his good deeds. Nemrot pretends to comply with their wish, but secretly harbors hatred of his successful vassal and plots his murder. He tells Apollonius that he will release him and suggests that he returns to his kingdom. He sets a servant beside Apollonius who is supposed to accompany and guide him for one day on his way home. This servant is instructed and bribed to lead Apollonius into the wilderness where wild beasts will kill him. The servant executes his lord’s orders and abandons Apollonius after one day. For the period of four days, Apollonius solely lives on roots.

Motif References:

K 2246.1 Treacherous king

HvNAp-9886: He eventually comes across a wild man who advises him to ride back because he will certainly lose his life in the desert of Romania. Apollonius insists though to continue his journey and is then told that he will come to an insurmountable river, Gangis by name. Apollonius reaches the stream, followed by the wild man (whose name is Pylagrus), who explains to him that at this time of the day numerous animals come to the river to drink from the water.

Motif References:

F 567 Wild man
F 715 Extraordinary river
N 820 Human helpers

HvNAp-9976: As soon as Apollonius bends down to have a drink, a 60 feet long eel emerges from the river and coils itself around the horse. Apollonius draws his sword and hacks the beast into tiny pieces which remain alive though. The eel’s head attacks Apollonius but is slain by Pilagrus coming to his aid. Subsequently the other parts of the eel’s body die. Apollonius regains his strength by eating from his roots and passes some to his rescuer.

Motif References:

B 17.2.1.2 Hostile eel attacks hero
G 308.2 Water-monster
F 815 Extraordinary plants
B 874.2 Giant eel
D 965 Magic plants
D 967 Magic roots
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food

HvNAp-10013: A huge water-monster approaches next: it has 20 legs, a height of one fathom, a tail the size of a table and two six ells long claws. This gigantic lobster attacks Apollonius, who has put the magic rings on his finger and is able to chop off one claw, but the beast seizes him with the other claw and drags him towards the river. With his strength born of despair Apollonius cuts off this claw as well and rids himself of the claw’s clutch. Apollonius would have been killed if he had not been protected by his armor. He recovers his strength by eating his roots.

Motif References:

B 17 Hostile animals
G 308.2 Water-monster
F 815 Extraordinary plants
F 824 Extraordinary [part of] armor
B 876.2 Giant crustacean
D 965 Magic plants
D 967 Magic roots
D 1335.1 Magic strength-giving food

HvNAp-10093: Later on they come across an immense snail-shell which provides room for 20 men. Although Pilagrus offers to guide him back to Armenia before he flees the wild beasts that are approaching the river, Apollonius resolves to continue the perilous journey. He hides from the wild animals (the author names many, among them unicorns, basilisks and dragons) in the snail-shell.

Motif References:

B 11 Dragon
B 12 Basilisk
B 13 Unicorn

HvNAp-10157: A beautiful panther (whose pleasant fragrance induces the other animals to follow it) is assailed by a black, fire-breathing dragon. Apollonius determines to rescue the noble animal and engages in a fight with the dragon. In the course of the combat, the panther supplies him with water to extinguish the fire on his body and armor. Apollonius finally slays the dragon, but he has lost his horse in the fight.

Motif References:

B 11.2.11 Fire-breathing dragon
B 11.11.6 Dragon fight in order to free lion
B 11.2.2 Color of dragon
B 11.11.11 (Bm) Dragon fights lion [panther]
B 360 Animals grateful for rescue from peril of death
B 431.4 Helpful panther
B 526 Animal saves man from death by burning
B 732 Panther’s sweet smell protects him from other beasts [attracts other beasts]

HvNAp-10256: The grateful panther carries Apollonius across the river Ganges and serves him as riding animal for four days. The animal does not leave him until they have reached a city.

Motif References:

B 551 Animal carries man across water
B 557.5 Person carried by lion [panther]

HvNAp-10305: A child acquaints him with the name of the city, Ninive, and guides him to the sultan’s castle where he is warmly welcomed. The sultan turns out to be Apollonius’ uncle and suggests a military campaign against Nemrot in revenge for the attempted murder. The tidings of his arrival are disseminated throughout the huge city.

Motif References:

N 738 Accidental meeting of nephew and uncle
F 769.4 (Bm) City three days’ journey wide and long

HvNAp-10366: Messengers are dispatched to assemble Apollonius’ men in Ninive. Formosa receives the message as well and sends him the siren’s ring which renders its owner invisible. It does not take long until auxiliary troops and friends of Apollonius arrive in Ninive, among them Printzel, Palmer, Syrinus of Galacia and Palthasar. In the meantime, an envoy has conveyed a declaration of war to Nemrot. The treacherous king blames his enemy’s survival on Climodin and resolves to kill him, but Climodin flees before he can carry out his plan. Apollonius accepts him to his retinue.

Motif References:

P 550.1.3 (Tu) Declaration of war
P 551 Army
F 873.2 Enormous army (camp)
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1361.17 Magic ring renders invisible

HvNAp-10461: Apollonius’ army advances towards Nemrot’s realm. The king has meanwhile supplied the city of Gabilot with food sufficient for the time of a siege and has withdrawn into the city. Gabilot is besieged for half a year, the surrounding land devastated.

Motif References:

P 557.0.4 (Li) Siege

HvNAp-10514: The country’s barons submit to Apollonius and beg for peace. They vow allegiance. Finally, Gabilot and Nemrot are captured, their lives are spared at the request of their men. Apollonius recovers the precious chess-board.

Motif References:

R 75 Surrendering
M 100.0.1 (Li) Oath of allegiance

HvNAp-10560: A joyous feast is celebrated during which more than 100 weddings take place, among them the wedding of Darius, the sultan’s son, and Plagena, the daughter of Abacuk of Romania and Micena. After the feast has come to an end, Apollonius gathers his friends and relates to them what he has heard about the Golden Valley. The lords declare their willingness to accompany him to this country (among them the sultan and Printzel, Apollonius’ close friend).

Motif References:

T 136.1 Wedding feast
P 634 Feasts

HvNAp-10685: Apollonius is the first to enter the territory of Ydrogant and Serpanta, rendered invisible by his magic ring. Additionally, he bears his bow and the two rings that protect against poison and drowning. In a valley, Apollonius finds Ydrogant sleeping beneath a tree, a long bar beside him and dressed in the skin of a bison. Since is goes against the principles of knightly behavior to slay a man in his sleep, Apollonius awakens Ydrogant by cutting off his left leg. In the ensuing combat Apollonius beheads his opponent.

Motif References:

P 50 Noblemen (knights) [rules of chivalry]
G 512.1.2 Ogre decapitated
F 531.6.12.6 Giant slain by man
F 531.4.5.2 Giant with iron bar as weapon
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1361.17 Magic ring renders invisible
D 1980 Magic invisibility

HvNAp-10770: Serpanta now charges at the murder of her husband. She spits her venom and hurls stones at Apollonius, eventually hitting his head and depriving him of his sword. At the last moment, Printzel rescues his friend by wounding Serpanta severely. Apollonius regains consciousness and slits the monster’s throat open so that her undigested food flows out: adders, toads, lizards and snakes. Despite the lethal wound Serpanta reaches the three magic pitchers: the first has the power to produce lightening, the second hail, and the third rain. Before she is able to release the magic, she is decapitated by Apollonius. Her head with the snake-like hair is impaled on a lance.

Motif References:

R 100 Rescues
G 125 Fire-[venom-] spewing giantess
R 169.5 Hero rescued by friend
G 369 Monstrous ogres – miscellaneous
G 512.1.2 Ogre decapitated
F 531.6.12.6 Giant slain by man
D 1171.4 Magic pitcher
D 1542.1 Magic object produces rain

HvNAp-10882: Several of his men hastily shatter the green jugs whereupon a formidable thunderstorm arises. The rain, hail and wind last for three days, more than1000 people perish in the deluge, and others flee into the woods or on a mountain. On the fourth day, the sky brightens up, but they have to wait another three days until the water has seeped away.

Motif References:

D 905 Magic storm
F 960 Extraordinary nature phenomena – elements and weather
D 1541.1 Magic object raises storm
D 2141 Storm produced by magic

HvNAp-10934: Description of Crisia: it is adjacent to India (which includes 40 countries) and to the congealed sea (Lebermeer); it contains 30 towns. It is a peaceful country with a springlike climate throughout the year. Beyond its frontiers live griffins and dragons, the Caspian Mountains separate it from the cannibalistic tribes of Gock, Magock and Prigant.

Motif References:

B 11 Dragon
G 11.18 Cannibal tribe
B 42 Griffin
F 561.1 People who prefer raw flesh
F 711.2 Sea of unusual substance
F 711.2.6 (Tu) Congealed Sea

HvNAp-10964: The neighboring Pygmies live in the mountains. They are as broad as two thumbs and one ell long. The female Pygmies are child-bearing at the age of three since they do not get older than eight years. Other adjoining tribes: the giant Magroby (having a size of 12 ells), the Agrotte and the Warcemoney who incinerate their elders and send the ashes out to others, and finally a tribe of people who slaughter the aged like cattle and then eat them.

Motif References:

G 11.18 Cannibal tribe
V 69 Funeral rites – miscellaneous
F 531.2 Size of giant
F 531.0.3.1 (Bm) Group or tribe or army of giant men
F 535 Remarkably small man (Pygmie)
F 535.2.9 (Bm) Pigmies no higher than the length of an ell
F 709.9 (Bm) Land of cannibals who eat their own elders

HvNAp-10996: Apollonius and his comrades reach the city of Crisanda and pitch their tents nearby. The inhabitants rejoice at the news of the ogres’ (Serpanta’s and Ydrogant’s) death and a prince named Arfaxatt welcomes the guests warmly.

Motif References:

R 170 Rescue – miscellaneous motifs
G 550 Rescue from ogre

HvNAp-11075: Description of Crisanda: she is surrounded by a high wall and a moat, crowned by 300 octagonal marble towers with golden roofs, 24 gates lead into the town, the streets are long and wide and paved with marble. In the centre are a beautiful Palace and an elaborate and precious fountain.

Motif References:

F 716 Extraordinary fountain
F 760 Extraordinary cities

HvNAp-11102: A festive procession of nobles comes to welcome the strangers and leads them to the palace. Apollonius carries the head of Serpanta with him. The body of Ydrogant is buried in a pit which is filled up with earth and stones. The mound can still be seen.

Motif References:

G 650 Unclassified ogre motifs

HvNAp-11205: Arfaxat leads the guests to the wheel that can be passed only by an unimpeachable person. A depraved person will be thrown into the torrential river beneath the wheel.

Motif References:

D 1207 Magic wheel
H 1550 Tests of character

HvNAp-11240: On the opposite side of the wheel lies a city named Balsamit whose lord is called Balsat. Whoever is allowed to traverse the wheel will be received there in a friendly manner though he has to fight against his host. In case Balsat wins the defeated has to remain in his town. The stranger is permitted to move on only if he is successful.

Motif References:

P 52 Knight jousts with all comers
H 1561.2 Single combat to prove valor

HvNAp-11268: Arfaxat recalls his own experience with the magic wheel: during a fôreis (knightly game and tournament) near a town named Gabuleys, in which he attended while in the service of a lady, he once refused to continue a fight against a young knight whom he had already unhorsed. On his return to his home country he was thrown off the wheel. He sent a man to the temple of Diana which is situated outside of Balsamit to beg the goddess to reveal to him the misdeed he had committed. The goddess answered that she considered him a coward who rejects to joust in honor of ladies.

Motif References:

P 50 Noblemen (knights) [rules of chivalry]
P 52.2 (Li) Knight in service of a lady
A 189 Gods in relation to mortals – miscellaneous
Q 328 (Bm) Cowardice punished
D 1810.10 Magic knowledge from goddess

HvNAp-11318: When Apollonius rides across the wheel, it does not move at all. The majority of his companions are able to follow him (30 all together), some are convicted of misdemeanors and thrown off: Assur (due to his flight from Apollonius), Socholt of Spain (owing to his stinginess), Wilhalm of Chralan (he talks in a disparaging manner about women). On the opposite bank of the river, the 30 successful knights are honorably received.

Motif References:

Q 276 Stinginess punished.
Q 328 (Bm) Cowardice punished
Q 380 Deeds punished – miscellaneous
D 1810.10 Magic knowledge from goddess

HvNAp-11456: The beautiful Dyamena has already been acquainted with the arrival of the 30 knights and sends 30 horses to them with blankets displaying the local coat of arms: a golden ram with lowered horns on green ground. To these gifts she adds helmets (the crests showing rams as well), three different kinds of garments, and a letter for each knight and a helm with a crown fixed to it for Apollonius.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
P 324 Host greets guest with gifts [Welcome and parting gifts]

HvNAp-11510: Before Apollonius and his comrades are allowed to leave, Apollonius has to engage in a single combat with Balsat. The defeated must enter the other’s service (become his man). After Balsat has been unhorsed, he hands his sword over to the victor and surrenders.

Motif References:

P 52 Knight jousts with all comers
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
H 1561.2 Single combat to prove valor

HvNAp-11541: After a short journey the knights reach a town named Floripart, one of the 30 towns of the country, reined by Count Florian. He engages in a joust with the sultan of Ninive in which he is defeated and has to enter the winner’s service. In the next town Violpant Count Dulcifant jousts against Printzel and is subdued as well. The same happens in the town Fantana – Count Fantamer is overcome by King Palmer of Syria – and all the others town till they reach Montaros, the last city before Chrysa.

Motif References:

P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]

HvNAp-11600: Candor, the lord of Chrysa, rides to welcome the guests and brings with him a costly circlet (scheppelein) which Dyomena sends to Apollonius as symbol of her virginity. Candor has 600 golden lances carried with him, his dress and coat are made of precious textiles, he wears a green mantle of silk, his horse has a value of about 100 marks, and its mane is interlaced with gems according to heathen custom. Candor’s beard is long and grey, and he wears a crown. He greets his guests in accordance to their rank, which means Apollonius first etc, and leads his most noble guest by the hand into town.

Motif References:

Z 150 Other symbols
F 829 Extraordinary clothing and ornaments – miscellaneous

HvNAp-11666: Description of Chrysa: a river (with the same name) flows through the town, the streets are paved with precious stones. Candor guides his guests to the palace. He tells Printzel the story how his father, King Baldin of Barcilon, has earned gold in this country through knightly deeds and had the gold transported to his home country on 12 elephants.

Motif References:

F 760.0.1 (Bm) Extraordinarily beautiful town

HvNAp-11716: After the maidens have disarmed the knights and brought them beautiful garments, they are conducted by Candor into a beautiful herb garden which is situated beneath the castle Lisemunt where Diamena lives. The kings bear a crown while they others have put on chaplets. The garden’s golden gate is guarded by a giant bearing a one fathom long bar. Adjacent to it is an elaborate fountain whose water runs through 12 golden pipes into an emerald trough. Candor exhorts his guests to wash their hands before they enter the garden. When Apollonius complies with his wish, one nail of his little finger turns black. The hands of his comrades blacken on various places: one has a dark hand, the other a black finger. Candor explains that no one but a stainless person is allowed to pass through the gate; all other would be slain by the giant.

Motif References:

F 531.4.5.2 Giant with iron bar as weapon
F 531.5.10 Giant as servant to man
F 716 Extraordinary fountain
D 925 Magic fountain
D 1242.1 Magic water
D 1310.9 Magic water gives knowledge
D 1349 Magic object produces miscellaneous physical changes in persons or things
H 1550 Tests of character

HvNAp-11794: Canor leads the knights to the circular temple of Venus. There, a priest explains to them that the black stains on their hands result from impure thoughts and advises to confess them to Venus. Apollonius and his companions kneel down before an image of the goddess and disclose their unchaste thoughts: at the sight of the maiden who undressed him, Apollonius longed for Diamena (his fingernail turns white), the young Printzel coveted the maiden who took off his helmet (both his hands regain their natural color), the adolescent sultan was aroused with desire when a maiden removed his sword (his hand recovers), Palmer of Assyria desired the girl who detached his embrace (half his hand brightens), Chlarantz of Egypt longed for a maiden’s embrace (his hand turns white) and the same happens to Syrinus of Galacia.

Motif References:

V 24 Miraculous manifestation at confession
V 112 Temples
A 185.16 God pities mortal
A 475.1 Goddess of love
D 1799 Magic results from other acts

HvNAp-11977: Then Candor guides the knights back to the garden and precedes them as they pass the bejeweled gate which is guarded by an automaton, a giant. Inside the garden stands an octagonal lucid pillar of diamond in which even the events taking place outside the garden are discernible. A succession of eight high and spacious steps rising at the gate leads up to the pillar onto which no one disgraced is able to step. This is the reason why one knight after the other falls from the staircase, even Apollonius stumbles on the fourth step because he once behaved cowardly. Candor discloses the function of each of the steps: the first repels derision, the second stinginess, the third prevents the entrance of any loafer who keeps away from tournaments, the forth of any coward, the next keeps off liars, the six stair repulses the arrogant, the seventh those who praise themselves and the last step is averse to gluttony and drunkenness. Whoever is able to reach the pillar is rewarded by enjoying its miraculous power to show everything to the observer he has in mind even if this should happen in a distance of 1000 miles.

Motif References:

Z 71.16.1 Formulistic number- eight
Q 328 (Bm) Cowardice punished
F 774.1 Pillars of precious stones
F 776 Extraordinary gate
D 1144 Magic stairs
D 1149 Magic buildings and parts – miscellaneous
D 1323 Magic object gives clairvoyance
H 1550 Tests of character
D 1620.3 Other automatic constructions
D 1639.1 Automata as door-keepers
D 2069.1 Person magically caused to fall

HvNAp-12076: A fountain of youth is also to be found in the garden: Whoever plunges into its water steps out as a healthy intelligent man at the age of 20. Apollonius wants to do penance for his misdeed and learns from Candor that he has the possibility to do this whereas others who fall from the first three steps could not expect that their innate weakness will ever be mended. Tyrus goes to the temple of Venus and prays to the goddess to reveal the misdemeanor he has committed. Thereupon he perceives a voice which reminds him that he has once fought invisibly, has fled Piramont and assailed Ydrogant while he was sleeping. Venus grants him her help and advises him to joust against ten of the best knights the following morning and to subdue a lion afterwards. He will be rewarded with the hand of princess Dyamena.

Motif References:

A 178 God as prophet
A 185 Deity cares for favorite individuals
A 189 Gods in relation to mortals – miscellaneous
M 359 Unfavorable prophecies – miscellaneous
Q 520 Penances
V 550 (Bm) Voice from heaven
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
D 925 Magic fountain
D 1300 Magic object gives supernatural wisdom
D 1338.1.1 Fountain of youth
D 1810.10 Magic knowledge from goddess
D 1811 Magic wisdom
D 1814.3 Advice from God (or the gods)
D 1887 Rejuvenation by bathing

HvNAp-12266: The following morning pages of Count Mërtzell appear carrying ten lances and declaring that the count and nine of his men challenge Apollonius to a joust. The king of Tyre accepts the challenge in honor of Dyamena. Also his comrades prepare themselves for the mounted games. Apollonius bears the siren in his shield, Count Mertzel a pelican, the local device. Thinking of Dyamena Apollonius charges at his opponents and unhorses them. The games in which also his comrades have distinguished themselves continue the following day, and Apollonius is apprised that the combats are of not of playful character because his opponents envy him his ability to enter the garden and will therefore not spare his life. This prompts him to fight without any concern for his opponents’ lives. The combatants finally flee towards the castle of Chrysa, are pursued though and compelled to surrender (by pledging surety). Dyamena has observed the events and fallen in love with the victorious knight.

Motif References:

T 29 Falling in love – miscellaneous
P 52.2 (Li) Knight in service of a lady
P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
P 556 Challenge to battle
P 561 Tournaments
F 824 Extraordinary [part of] armor
H 1561.1 Tests of valor: tournament

HvNAp-12505: After the tournament the guests are invited into a beautiful orchard beside the palace where Apollonius is unexpectedly attacked by a lion. Candor has let the animal into the garden to assure himself that there is no trace of cowardice in Apollonius’ character. The lion has the power to discern a brave man from a coward. Apollonius, Printzel and the sultan prove their bravery by punching and striking the lion with a branch. Thereupon the wild beast submits and behaves like a little dog. Apollonius ties his belt around the lion’s neck and leads the tame animal into the palace.

Motif References:

W 32 Bravery
B 121.6 Lion with magic wisdom
B 771 Wild animal miraculously tamed
H 1150 Tasks: stealing, capturing, or slaying
H 1561.6 Test of valor: fight with giant [warrior, dwarf-hero, dragon etc.]

HvNAp-12585: As Apollonius reproaches Candor for using the wild beast (Apollonius calls him a dog) to kill him, the king explains that every suitor of his daughter is subjected to this test.

Motif References:

H 335.3 Suitor task: killing ferocious animal
H 335.0.2 Girl assigns tasks to her suitors

HvNAp-12632: The next morning Candor leads the guests to the magic fountain whose water now does not affect their hands, and then into the garden. This time Apollonius does not stumble until he reaches the fifth step – he finds himself in front of the gate, outside the garden. His fall convicts him of a lie. Dyamena sends a golden ring the despondent knight which will enable him to enter the garden despite any misdeed. One more time, Candor sends him to the temple of Venus to learn his guilt and seek penance. Venus reminds Apollonius that he once hid under the name of Lonius. He defends himself by asserting that Lonius is an abbreviation of his real name and he was in need of disguise since he taken captive. Venus imposes a penance upon him: he should do whatever a maiden or a beautiful lady asks of him. Apollonius promises to comply with the order of Venus. Before he enters the garden, he puts on the magic ring which enables him to step on all the stairs.

Motif References:

M 150 Other vows and oaths
A 189 Gods in relation to mortals – miscellaneous
Q 263 Lying (perjury) punished
Q 520 Penances
V 550 (Bm) Voice from heaven
D 1071 Magic jewel (jewels)
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1144 Magic stairs
H 1550 Tests of character
D 1810.10 Magic knowledge from goddess
D 2069.1 Person magically caused to fall

HvNAp-12745: Now it is the turn of his comrades to step onto the magic stairs: Printzel passes them all though he once stumbles on the forth step. The sultan falls from the last stair because he is prone to drunkenness. Palmer is able to ascend the staircase in spite of a faint which overcomes him on the sixth step. Balthasar’s tendency to indolence is the reason why he tumbles from the third stair, Syrinus of Galacia already falling from the second on account of his greed. Clarantz of Egypt’s ascent is only interrupted by a faint on the seventh stair; the sultan of Nineveh tries his luck one more time and now reaches the top. Eraclius of Persia is the last who is allowed to enter the garden.

Motif References:

Q 276 Stinginess punished.
Q 320 Evil personal habits punished
Q 321 Laziness punished

HvNAp-12853: Candor declares that Apollonius has won the kingdom and the princess’ hand by rescuing the country from Serpanta and Ydrogant. It has been a period of 100 years in which no one but the Candor, his wife and his daughter were able to enter the garden. Apollonius looks into the clairvoyant pillar and perceives his daughter who is in good health, Altistrates of Pentapolis and the prosperous country of Galacia. He does not turn his mind to Lucina because he considers her dead. When Printzel learns of his wife’s death and Palmer discerns his wife’s faithlessness, Candor promises to compensate their loss with a marriage to a noble maiden.

Motif References:

Q 53 Reward for rescue
T 68.1 Princess offered as prize to rescuer
Q 112.0.5 Kingdom and hand of princess as reward (for virtuous life)
D 1149 Magic buildings and parts – miscellaneous
D 1323 Magic object gives clairvoyance
D 1821.3.7.3 Crystal-gazing. Clairvoyance by looking into crystal.

HvNAp-12927: The knights go into Candor’s beautiful garden: nutmeg, clove, cardamom and mace grow there, larks and nightingales, parakeets and crested larks sing pleasantly and even a pelican can be seen.

Motif References:

F 818 Extraordinary garden

HvNAp-12943: Candor shows his guest a golden baldachin resting on four columns, one of garnet, the second of ruby, the third of emerald, the fourth of sapphire. Beneath the baldachin lies the marvelous fountain of youth: its four walls are adorned with 16 carbuncle stones which gleam even at night. Inside the fountain is a golden ciborium studded with various jewels. The water is conducted through four pipes, producing beautiful tones. The stairs which lead down to the water are made of precious stones. Four ells long rubies decorated with golden knobs in the shape of cups stand at the corners. Servants bring three costly garments which the knights don after their bath in the fountain. They emerge from the water as young and healthy men. Dyamena has sent three magnificent crowns for the knights.

Motif References:

F 716 Extraordinary fountain
F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)
F 826 Extraordinary jewels
D 925 Magic fountain
D 1338.1.1 Fountain of youth
D 1645.1 Incandescent jewel
D 1866.1 Beautification by bathing
D 1887 Rejuvenation by bathing

HvNAp-13045: Candor leads Apollonius and his two comrades back into the garden to introduce them to his wife, his daughter and the old queen Elsa. There they are amazed at the sight of an extraordinary building: a curtain wall of hyacinth and balas surrounds a square plastered with jewels and decorated with golden trees, precious inlays and benches. In its centre stands another high and golden tree. On the branches perch golden birds and four beautifully decorated doors lead into the tree. In the corners of the wall stand statues of strong bareheaded peasants holding a trombone. Five stairs lead into the square. As soon as Candor steps on the first the statues blow the trombones with such an amazing sound that all animals of the surrounding area respond to it. When Candor steps onto the next stair, the tree’s door opens and the leaves and finches and siskin start to sound. A step on the third stair causes another door to opens and blackbirds, thrushes, chaffinches, larks and goldfinches to sing. The next step gets the mechanism of the third door going, accompanied by the twittering of parakeets and crested larks. On the fifth stair, the beautiful birdsongs of plover, pelican and nightingale are heard.

Motif References:

F 771.1.5 Palace of jewels
F 782 Extraordinary doors and windows
F 848 Extraordinary ladder (stairs)
F 885 Extraordinary field

HvNAp-13165: After the birdsong has ceased, 24 beautiful maidens step out from the doors, some playing an instrument, others singing songs of love. Behind them appear Dyamena, clad in magnificent clothes, and her good-looking and youthful mother. Dyamena welcomes Apollonius and guides him into the tree’s interior. Printzel is conducted by a maiden called Floras, Palmer by Plantika. They enter a splendid, richly decorated room that opens towards Dyamena’s garden. There lives an animal by the name of goltschæper (Latin aureum vellus) which looks like a lamb with a golden fleece. It is a present from the goddess Venus. Dyamena possesses 200 animals of this kind and spins delightful garments from the wool. The castle is surrounded by a fishpond. Inside the garden also monkeys can be found, exotic trees and different kind of herbs.

Motif References:

B 101.3 Ram with golden fleece
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
F 781 Extraordinary rooms
F 818 Extraordinary garden
F 821.4 Extraordinarily beautiful mantle

HvNAp-13341: Afterwards Dyamena leads the knights into her castle Lisemunt. The walls consist of white alabaster, the roof of pure gold. The castle is crown by 30 towers, its palace is the most beautiful that has ever been constructed. Subsequently, she leads the country’s new lord into town where he is welcomed by his subjects.

Motif References:

F 771 Extraordinary castle (house, palace)

HvNAp-13393: The patriarch of the golden country and the heathen bishops celebrate the wedding of Apollonius and Dymena, Printzel and Floras, as well as Palmer and Plantika. Mounted games are held the following morning and more than1000 nobles are knighted. The feast endures for ten days. Apollonius’ comrade’s return home, their animals loaded with gold, only Printzel, Palmer and Apollonius himself remain in the Golden Valley.

Motif References:

T 136.1 Wedding feast

HvNAp-13481: Dyamena conceives a child and gives then birth to a son who is named Tholomeus. He will one day become a famous astronomer. Printzel’s son has the name Yppocras and will be the founder of medicinal art. Palmer’s son Almasor will reigns as a powerful king.

Motif References:

HvNAp-13513: One day, after Apollonius has dwelled in Chrysa for one year and 12 weeks, he asks his wife’s consent to return to his home country, since he intends to search for his daughter whom he left in Tarsis 14 years ago. He assures her that the journey will not last longer than half a year. After some hesitation (she fears that he will not return) Dyamena takes a look into the clairvoyant pillar and recognizes that everything will happen in accordance with Apollonius’ words. She consents to his plan. Apollonius travels with2000 attendants and sumptuous equipage.

Motif References:

D 1149 Magic buildings and parts – miscellaneous
D 1323 Magic object gives clairvoyance
H 1381 Quest for unknown person
D 1821.3.7.3 Crystal-gazing. Clairvoyance by looking into crystal.

HvNAp-13607: Dyamena leads Apollonius into the palace where the treasure is kept. She gives a shining precious stone that even gleams through the ciborium in which it is enclosed. It is a stone from paradise, he renders its owner courageous, joyful, wise and invulnerable and protects against drowning, burning and any kind of disease. If Apollonius is faithless, the entrance to Chrysa will be denied to him and he will be deprived of all magic. Before his departure, Apollonius begets a daughter, who will be called Altimena.

Motif References:

C 115 Tabu- adultery
F 826 Extraordinary jewels
C 901 Tabu imposed
D 1071 Magic jewel (jewels)
D 1300 Magic object gives supernatural wisdom
D 1358 Magic object makes person courageous
D 1359.3 Magic object causes joy
D 1380.11 Magic jewel protects
D 1382 Magic object protects against cold or burning
D 1388 Magic object protects from drowning
D 1500.2 Magic object wards off disease

HvNAp-13676: Apollonius’ journey leads him through the country of Nemrot and to Filadelfia. Everywhere he is welcomed with all honors.

Motif References:

HvNAp-13708: Finally Apollonius reaches the splendid castle Montiplain. Messengers address them and ask whether they have come with friendly or hostile intentions. He tells them about the castle’s lady, a black woman whose lands have been assailed by a rejected suitor, Prothasius by name, who is of lower rank than the lady. The messenger has identified Apollonius by his coat of arms and now begs him to assist his lady. In the meantime, she approaches the strangers with a numerous entourage. She falls down to his feet and beseeches him to vouchsafe his aid.

Motif References:

T 104.1 Rejected suitor wages war
H 126 Identification by coat of arms

HvNAp-13888: The next morning surveys the enemy army who lies before the castle, has his banner erected and then challenges Prothasius to battle. Only those of Apollonius’ men are allowed to engage in the fight in whose presence the magic jewel remains lucid and clear. When the stone turns, it becomes murky and that means that the knight concerned is supposed to abstain from the battle. Many black men are killed. In the course of the battle, Apollonius and Prothasius engage in a single combat in which the latter is finally compelled to surrender and is taken captive.

Motif References:

R 5 Capture on field of battle
P 550.1 (Li) Battle. War
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
P 556 Challenge to battle
D 1071 Magic jewel (jewels)
D 1317 Magic object warns of danger
D 1814 Magic advice

HvNAp-14010: The good-looking queen Palmina falls in love with the rescuer of her country. Her counselors advise her to demonstrate her gratitude by marrying one of Apollonius’ men. Palmina acquaints Apollonius with this suggestion. Many men are of course willing to marry the queen especially since the heathens are allowed to have 12 or more wives. When one is pregnant, the man does not have sexual intercourse with her till the time of delivery.

Motif References:

T 29 Falling in love – miscellaneous
Q 53.3 Maiden queen offers her hand as reward for rescuing her town

HvNAp-14060: Palmina begs for a free choice among the men who form Apollonius’ group and is granted her request.

Motif References:

K 2319 Deception by equivocation – miscellaneous

HvNAp-14092: In the temple of Juno Palmina prays to the goddess for help. A voice advises her to remind Apollonius of the vow he has taken to Venus of Chrysa: to perform everything a maiden asks for. The following morning Palmina proclaims her choice in a circle and reminds Apollonius of his promise. She concedes to him that he may leave her as soon as she has conceived a child. Nevertheless Apollonius does not yet give his assent.

Motif References:

V 50 Prayer
T 55 Girl as wooer. Forthputting woman
M 150 Other vows and oaths
A 182.3.5 God advises mortal
M 260 Other promises
V 550 (Bm) Voice from heaven

HvNAp-14195: In the evening a sleeping draught consisting of wine is tendered to the king. Soon after he has fallen asleep Palmina lies down at his side. Believing that Dyamena shares the bed with him, Apollonius caresses her body until he realizes his misconception and recognizes the Moorish woman. The intimacy nevertheless results in sexual intercourse. Apollonius now feels love for his mistress and marries her. After some time she gives birth to a black daughter (who is named Marmacora) and a half white, half black son (called Garamant). He will one day become the sovereign of Mesopotamia and the land of the Moors.

Motif References:

F 527 Person of unusual color
K 1380 Seductions – miscellaneous

HvNAp-14294: About half a year later, Dyamena looks into the clairvoyant pillar and discerns her husband’s adultery. She charges the knight Cleopacras with a journey to Montaplin (under the protection of invisibility provided by the magic ring) where he is supposed to regain the magic jewel and give Apollonius a ring that abolishes the effects of the fountain of youth. Cleopacras complies with her order. The moment Apollonius puts on Diamena’s ring, his complexion turns pale, his hair and beard lose the golden color and turn black. Apollonius regrets that he has been dazzled by beautiful appearances. Cleopras gives him a letter from Dyamena in which she accuses him of faithlessness and refuses him the access to her country.

Motif References:

P 14.15.2 Court messenger
Q 241 Adultery punished
K 324 Theft by use of coat [ring] of invisibility
K 359.1 Theft by means of magic invisibility
T 481 Adultery
Q 551 Magic manifestations as punishment
Q 595 Loss or destruction of property as punishment
D 771.10 Disenchantment by ring
D 860 Loss of magic object
C 939.5 (Bm) Loss of kingdom as punishment for breaking tabu
C 968 Disenchantment for breaking tabu
D 1076 Magic ring
D 1149 Magic buildings and parts – misc.
D 1323 Magic object gives clairvoyance
D 1361.17 Magic ring renders invisible
D 1821.3.7.3 Crystal-gazing. Clairvoyance by looking into crystal.
D 1980 Magic invisibility

HvNAp-14486: All of Dyamena’s men return to the Golden Valley except for ten knights. The homecomers’ account of the happenings prompts Dyamena to consider Apollonius to be innocent. Once more she sends Chleopocras to Apollonius to beg his forgiveness and to invite him to return to her, sending with her message the magic jewel and the ring of invisibility which belongs to Apollonius. Palmina is distressed because she is the reason for hardship Apollonius suffers. When Chleopocras meets Apollonius, he falls down at his feet and delivers his lady’s message. Apollonius consents to return to her but stipulates that he will first search for his daughter. With this explanation he also takes his leave of Palmina.

Motif References:

D 880 Recovery of magic object

HvNAp-14622: Accompanied by Count Theochas and nine retainers, all of them formerly in the service of Dyamena, Apollonius travels to Syria where he is received as legitimate king. Since Palmer remained in the Golden Valley on account of his wife’s adultery, Apollonius now appoints Theochas as regent. Palmer’s faithless wife is banished. The Moors are sent back to Montiplain, Apollonius committing the queen and her children to their care.

Motif References:

P 193 (Bm) Guardian [regent]
Q 241 Adultery punished
Q 431.8 Banishment as punishment for adultery

HvNAp-14693: Apollonius travels in the company of 300 Syrians and with sumptuous equipment to Galacia. After a longer sea voyage, the ship comes to a seaport which is enclosed by a high wall without any gate. Since the ship’s mast is higher than the city’s wall, one of the sailors climbs up to inspect the city. The sight of it delights him so much that he jumps from the mast into the town. He is followed by nine other men of the crew. Finally, one is tied to the mast to prevent him from disappearing from the ship. As he is drawn back after he has looked into the town, he falls ill and dies not long after. Apollonius sets sails to leave the mysterious town.

Motif References:

F 130 Location of otherworld
F 134 Otherworld on island
F 148 Wall around otherworld
F 767 Inaccessible city
D 1429 Magic object draws person (thing) to it – miscellaneous
D 2074 Attracting by magic

HvNAp-14774: A thunderstorm drives the vessel towards a circular castle where they find two old men. They are astonished to meet the sailors since it has been more than1000 years that no one has ever seen the castle. The two men have been abandoned there and their lives have been sustained by God with the prophecy that one day a boy named Jesus Christ will be born by a virgin, that he will bear the sin of the world, will be killed, but will raise again from the dead on the third day. Apollonius recalls that he has heard that 10 years ago a great magician was crucified by the Jews who was resurrected on the third day. The two old men rejoice since they have been redeemed and reveal their names: Elyas and Enoch. Before Apollonius continues his journey he receives 12 tasty apples from the men’s paradise-like garden.

Motif References:

F 111 Journey to earthly paradise
F 163.1 Castle in otherworld
N 399.1.1 (Bm) Wind carries ship to hostile [unknown] island [land]
A 571.2 Culture hero still alive on mysterious island
F 771 Extraordinary castle (house, palace)
F 813.1 Extraordinary apple
D 1856.1 Hero (saint) taken to Paradise (Heaven) alive

HvNAp-14898: In Galacia Apollonius is welcomed by his son Ermogenes who resides in Barcilone. His father gives him the hand of Printzel’s sister and remains in Galacia for half a year.

Motif References:

HvNAp-14930: The tale shifts towards the fate of Tarsia: according to her father’s wish, the infant was named after the city where she has been left. At the age of five she is sent to school by her nurse Liguridis where she distinguishes herself by intelligence and industry. Besides the studies from the books she learns to play the harp, the rotta and other string instruments. She excels her foster sister by far in noble beauty and courtly demeanor.

Motif References:

J 146.2 (Li) The educated youth
P 270.4 (Bm) Hero raised by foster parents
P 274 Foster sister
F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
F 576 Extraordinary ugliness

HvNAp-15119: One day Tarsia comes home from school and finds Liguridis dangerously ill. The nurse feels that death is approaching and discloses to the girl her true identity, informing her also that her father put Strangwillo in charge of 300 gold marks and vowed not to cut his nails nor his beard or hair until she will be married. If her foster parents should ever treat her in an unjust way, she should go to Apollonius’ monument and ask for help in her father’s name. After Liguridis has died Tarsia grieves very much and visits her nurse’s grave daily, carrying with her, in accordance with heathen custom, a phial filled with red wine as sign of her mourning.

Motif References:

M 121 Vow not to shave or cut hair until a certain time
Z 252 Hero at first nameless [unaware of birth]
P 361 Faithful servant [vassal]
P 681 Mourning customs

HvNAp-15231: Since Tarsia is praised by everyone and her foster sister scorned because of her ugliness, Dionisiades starts to resent her foster daughter.

Motif References:

P 272 Foster mother

HvNAp-15277: She induces her bailiff Teofilus to murder Tarsia by offering him two fiefs, gold and silver as reward and threatening to cut his hair if he denies. Teofilus is forced to comply with his lady’s command. When Tarsia one day visits her nurse’s grave, Teofilus assails her with the intention to cut off her head, but Tarsia stipulates that she speaks a prayer before her death. During this time pirates approach the two and capture the maiden.

Motif References:

R 10.1 Princess (maiden) abducted
R 12.1 Maiden abducted by pirates (robbers)
S 30 Cruel step- and foster relatives
V 50 Prayer
R 169 Other rescuers
S 322.4.2 Evil stepmother [foster mother] orders stepdaughter [foster daughter] to be killed
M 500 (Bm) Threats
K 512 Compassionate executioner
N 659 Life saved by accident – miscellaneous
K 986 Murder induced by bribery (lands, riches, wives)

HvNAp-15428: On his return Teofilus pretends to have executed the lady’s order and is rewarded with freedom, money and three fiefs. Dionisiades disseminates the lie that the girl has perished because of a disease. Strangwillo grieves sincerely for Tarsia who has been committed to his care, in contrast to his wife who feigns sadness. She shows the girl’s grave to the town’s magistrates, but the citizens erect a more beautiful tomb in honor of Apollonius and his deceased daughter.

Motif References:

Q 111 Riches as reward
Q 121 Freedom as reward
P 271 Foster father
K 442 False claim of reward
K 2370 Miscellaneous deceptions

HvNAp-15526: The abductors bring Tarsia into a town named Metelin where she is sold to a brothel-keeper who offers to pay a higher price than the town’s sovereign Anthanagoras. She is conducted into a small room where she has to wait for the first client. It is Anthanagoras, whom she persuades amid tears to spare her honor. Also the following clients take pity on her and promise to keep silent.

Motif References:

V 50 Prayer
R 61 Person sold into slavery
T 320 Escape from undesired lover
P 460 Other trades and professions

HvNAp-15789: As the brothel-keeper learns that Tarsia is still a virgin, he orders his servant Turpian to deflower the maiden. Once more the girl succeeds in persuading the man amid tears to spare her chastity and even finds a possibility to earn money by entertaining the populace with her eloquence, asking and solving riddles, and making music. The citizens and Athanagoras give her so much money that she is able to buy her freedom.

Motif References:

J 146.2 (Li) The educated youth
R 211.4 Escape from slavery (pirates)

HvNAp-16005: When Apollonius arrives at Tarsis in search for his daughter (neither his hair nor his beard have been cut for 15 years), Dionisiades pretends grief for Tarsia’s demise. Apollonius visits the grave of his supposedly dead daughter, but is not able to shed tears due to a feeling that she is still alive.

Motif References:

D 1813 Magic knowledge of events in distant place
K 2090 Other hypocritical acts
K 2215 (Bm) Treacherous stepmother [foster mother]

HvNAp-16137: Stricken with grief, Apollonius has the sails set for the return to Tyrlant. Yet, on the way home a heavy storm occurs that drives his ship across the raging sea into the harbor of an unknown town. Although the citizens are holding a feast at this time, Apollonius remains inside the ship, yielding to his immense grief for his supposedly dead daughter and threatening to have the legs of those broken who dare to disturb him.

Motif References:

H 17 Recognition by reminders of what has been said
M 500 (Bm) Threats
N 732 Accidental meeting of father and daughter
F 1041.21 Reactions to excessive grief

HvNAp-16223: Anthanagoras goes aboard the sumptuous ship in order to learn its owner’s identity. At the sailor’s denial to conduct him to their lord (whose name he yet knows from Tarsia’s account of her life history), he searches the way to Apollonius on his own and finds him in the bilge. Anthanagoras tries to console Apollonius and begs for his company, but to no avail.

Motif References:

M 260 Other promises
N 732 Accidental meeting of father and daughter

HvNAp-16551: The first riddle: a high tree has 12 limbs, each with four branches, seven twigs branching off, on which are perching seven birds. Apollonius solves the riddle: the tree means the year, the branches the 12 months etc The second riddle: a moving house with a mute resident, meaning a river and fish. The third riddle aims at a ship (a dead, but pregnant creature with a round belly, running quickly). The following deals with a small vessel of wood and flowers which has the same weight no matter if it is full or empty. Apollonius interprets it correctly as a wax tablet. Tarsia then propounds another riddle: something traverses all countries without having limbs, makes people unhappy. It beats its brother, usually brings distress upon its master, sometimes joy. It has eyes but can not see and is the child of two mothers. The solution of this riddle is not difficult for Apollonius: it means the dice, the two mothers are wax and bone. The last riddle concerns the light, the child of sun.

Motif References:

H 540 Propounding of riddles
H 720 Metaphorical riddles
H 721 Riddle of the year
H 840 Other riddles

HvNAp-16744: Since Apollonius persists to grieve, Tarsia tries to drag him towards daylight, but is beaten in the face instead. She laments her sad life, thus relating her story, which leads to the recognition and reunion of father and daughter.

Motif References:

H 11.1 Recognition by telling life history

HvNAp-16825: Anthanagoras asks Apollonius for his daughter’s hand. The king gives his assent, but wants first to take revenge on the wicked brothel-keeper. For this purpose, Anthanagoras summons the citizens by sounding the alarm bells and explains to them that the powerful king of Tyrus will wage war against the city if the brothel-keeper is not punished.

Motif References:

HvNAp-16918: The bailiffs bring the brothel-keeper to the court of law where he is sentenced to death on the stake. Many girls thus regain their freedom. The brothel-keeper’s servant Turpian is spared through Tarsia’s intervention and receives one of the former harlots as wife and the brothel-keeper’s property.

Motif References:

Q 111 Riches as reward
Q 243.1.2 Punishment for forcing a girl to become prostitute
Q 414 Punishment: burning alive
P 510 Law courts

HvNAp-16981: Apollonius rewards the faithful citizens with 50 pounds of gold. In his and his daughter’s honor a monumental pillar of brass with a commemorative inscription is erected. Apollonius dispatches messengers with the good news to all his countries.

Motif References:

Q 72 Loyalty rewarded
Q 111 Riches as reward

HvNAp-17063: A foreis-tournament is put on in four weeks time outside Antiochia. Anthanagoras marries Tarsis and travels on Apollonius’ suggestion with her to Tarsis where Strangwillo and his infamous wife are stoned to death as punishment. Their corpses are not buried, but left as prey for wild beasts. The peasant who was charged with the murder is spared by Tarsia.

Motif References:

M 150 Other vows and oaths
Q 211.8 Punishment for desire to murder
Q 422 Punishment: stoning to death
Q 491 Indignity to corpse as punishment
P 510 Law courts
P 561 Tournaments

HvNAp-17219: One night Apollonius dreams that a voice urges him to go to Ephesus and to pour out his distress to God in the temple. Apollonius follows this advice. The priestesses welcome the king, among them Lucina, who does not recognize her husband after a separation of 15 years until he tells his life history. The reunion of wife and husband is followed by the meeting of mother and daughter. It is only now that Apollonius has his hair and beard cut. In the following night, Lucina conceives a son who will be named after his father. The reunion is sumptuously celebrated and the young lord of Ephesus invited to come to Antiochia to be knighted there.

Motif References:

H 11.1 Recognition by telling life history
M 121 Vow not to shave or cut hair until a certain time
N 741 Unexpected meeting of husband and wife
F 1068 Realistic dream
D 1814.2 Advice from dream

HvNAp-17373: After the celebrations Apollonius sets out for Pentapolis to visit his father-in-law. The old man rejoices at the reunion with his family. His wife died some time ago and the loss of his daughter prompted him to refrain from cutting his beard and hair out of grief.

Motif References:

F 1041.21 Reactions to excessive grief

HvNAp-17464: Four days later Tyrus travels to Tyrlant, where he is warmly welcomed by his subjects and a sumptuous feast is celebrated in his honor. Lucina is crowned queen.

Motif References:

F 575.1 Remarkably beautiful woman
P 634 Feasts

HvNAp-17557: After the 14-day feast Apollonius and his knights (3000!) set off for the tournament at Antiochia. There Apollonius is welcomed by the regent of Antiochia whom he appointed after the death of Anthiochius. The knights already engage in combats near a town called Gales, among them Altistrates (bearing a golden leopard on red ground as coat of arms) who fights against Eraclius of Persia (with a black elephant on golden ground). The next combatants are Eracules of Ephesus (a ship on red shield being his coat of arms) and Claudius (a horn-bow on white shield). These four knights form a team for the foreis.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat

HvNAp-17761: The knights and ladies move in a procession into the town of Antiochia: each of the four elephants carries about 100 ladies, Tarsia’s preceding the others and being decorated with textiles that display Attaganer’s coat of arms, the golden leopard. Tarsia’s dress is adorned with the same motif.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms

HvNAp-17861: Lucina rides on the second elephant, wearing a dress which is decorated with sirens, her husband’s heraldic device. 24 musicians precede her elephant. The baldachin on the third elephant is made of green velvet and emblazoned with golden eagles, the heraldic symbol of Florian of Rundelat. The castle-like structure carried by the fourth animal is decorated with red scarlet, embroidered with a green tree and birds. Only old ladies ride this elephant. The local coat of arms of Antiochia is a black griffin on golden ground. The elephants are left outside town and the knights and ladies continue to ride on horses.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms

HvNAp-17963: The procession moves through the city into the castle Symont which is situated in the middle of a beautiful lake. The castle hill is surrounded by a forest of exotic trees and precious spices. The castle’s wall is made of marble stones and is crowned by 12 towers. The castle contains four spacious palace, one in each corner, and a beautiful fountain in the middle. The water is conducted from the forest beneath the castle up to the 12 pipes of the fountain, through which it runs into the halls and kitchens. Four inlets flow into the lake which is rich in fish.

Motif References:

F 716 Extraordinary fountain
F 771 Extraordinary castle (house, palace)
F 812 Extraordinary forest

HvNAp-18110: Apart from King Jeroboam, who rules the Jewish country and refuses to receive his land as fief from Apollonius, all his vassals take the oath of fealty.

Motif References:

P 50.0.2 (Bm) Knight who acknowledges no overlord [Allegiance: loyalty and disloyalty of vassals]
M 100.0.1 (Li) Oath of allegiance

HvNAp-18131: Apollonius’ crown is studded with various kinds of jewels (listed in alphabetical order). The princes send for the alfakî of Ninive, the heathens’ “pope”, who is supposed to consecrate the crown. He appears clad in precious garments, with a long, white beard and wearing a kind of infula. The royal couple is crowned. Since Apollonius invests his son-in-law Anthanagoras with the kingdom of Tyrlant, he and his wife Tarsia are crowned as well.

Motif References:

P 13.5 Crowning [and making] of kings
P 426 Clergy
F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)
F 828 Extraordinary crown

HvNAp-18242: News of the arrival of the Amir of Babylon prompts Apollonius to set out to welcome him. On his way a poor man who turns out to be the fisherman who helped Apollonius after his arrival in Pentapolis addresses him. Lucina rewards the man by appointing him as town judge.

Motif References:

Q 40 Kindness rewarded
Q 113.0.1 High honors as reward

HvNAp-18294: Wedding night of Tarsia and Anthanagoras. The following morning Tarsia is dressed with beautiful clothes and goes to the temple where the people and the land are blessed. Anthanagoras makes all his property a morning gift for Tarsia. A feast is celebrated subsequently.

Motif References:

T 136.1 Wedding feast
T 160 Consummation of marriage
F 821 Extraordinary dress (clothes, robe, etc.)

HvNAp-18425: A tournament is held in the form of a foreis and Round Table games. Several knights form the team of the Round Table: Apollonius, Anthanagoras, Altistrates (his shield: two golden stars and the sun on green ground), Lucas of Tarsis (a silver castle on red ground as coat of arms), Florian of Rundilat (red roses on white ground), Eraclius (elephant as heraldic symbol), Claudius (drawn boy), the prince of Anthiochia (white ram with lowered horns on golden shield), Ercules (ship on red shield), Clarantz (blue ostrich with a horseshoe in its bill on red ground). Moreover three ladies are elected queens of the foreis. Tents for the knights are pitched with shields suspended on them and the banners stuck into the ground. One of the queens is the lady of the magnates: if one has broken his lance successfully, he will ride to her and receive a golden crown and a kiss as reward. The second queen rewards the knights in the same manner, the crown having less value though. The remaining nobles will be honored by the third queen with a circlet of silver.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
P 561 Tournaments

HvNAp-18571: 50 princes, 500 knights and1000 squires attend the sumptuous tournament which begins on Monday morning. Whoever wins a crown is allowed to add the motif of a crown to his heraldic symbols. This will be achieved only by those who are able to break three lances without being unseated. If someone unhorses a knight from the Round Table, he acquires a crown and a maiden. Within a radius of one mile, the girl can be abducted from him and be brought back to her baldachin. On the other hand, if he succeeds in leading her away in a greater distance, she will be ransomed with 1000 pounds.

Motif References:

HvNAp-18665: Four kings, three dukes and three knights have taken up position in the foreis. Each one of them has 100 lances with his pennant set up in front of the tent. The typical elements of a tournament’s atmosphere are described: heralds, music, the crowd of spectators, sumptuous equipment and decorations.

Motif References:

HvNAp-18727: A red cloth of scarlet is spread on a round table. Next to it, a golden washbasin is suspended on a chain, and a shield and club have been hung on a tree. By pouring water from the basin on the tablecloth and hitting the shield with the club one issues a challenge to a joust. The wet cloth is given to the entertainers and a new one is spread out.

Motif References:

Z 201.9.1 (Bm) Hero’s famous possessions – Arthur’s Round Table
P 556 Challenge to battle

HvNAp-18763: Apollonius is the founder of the Round Table at which only those knights are allowed to take their seats who have acquired a crown. 200 years later, King Arthur will adapt this heathen invention to his Christian court without being able to surpass it in wealth and honor although he will gain renown as the most generous of all Christian kings.

Motif References:

W 11.2 Munificent monarch

HvNAp-18791: The first opponents of the beginning combats are Assur, the king of Armenia (bearing a black dragon on golden ground as coat of arms) and Apollonius (with a griffin in his shield). Assur is defeated, has to pledge surety and to pay a ransom of 500,000 marks.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
F 832 Extraordinary lance

HvNAp-18915: The following joust is fought by the Amir of Babylon (golden eagle on red ground) and Altistrates (two golden stars and the sun on green ground added by a crown). This time Balthasar of Babylon wins the kiss and the crown.

Motif References:

HvNAp-18973: The knights Patrochel of Mirmidon and Archilon of Falcidron have sworn brotherhood and to divide the winnings and damages. Archilon’s horse has a value of 300 marks and has been given to him by Priest John (Priester Johannes) from India. His coat of arms is a red sword on white ground. From the team of the knights of the Round Table, Claudius jousts against him and is subdued. Archilon now demands a ransom of 1000 pounds and 1000 marks for his two captives, Claudius and the beautiful maiden. Clarantz sets out to liberate the maiden and kills Archilon in the combat. Patrochel is eager to avenge his friend and charges at Clarantz, but is unseated by Florian von Rundelat. The maiden Florica is allowed to return.

Motif References:

P 91 (Li) Heraldic figures and symbols – coat-of-arms
Z 201.1 (Bm) Hero’s famous horse
P 311.5 Covenant of friendship

HvNAp-19081: During breakfast the next morning, a black man appears in town, riding on a huge horse and clad in precious garments. He blows into an ivory horn before he proclaims his lord’s message: the king of Morlant challenges the knights present to an adventure. He is holding a maiden of royal lineage captive, whose virginity he will spare only for the time of 32 days if not a knight is going to rescue her. In case this knight succeeds he will additionally receive a beautiful horse and1000 marks, otherwise he is obliged to pay this amount. This king, Glorant by name, is awaiting the knights in his tent near Mont Oreb.

Motif References:

R 10.1 Princess (maiden) abducted
P 556.0.1 (Bm) Challenge to single combat [feud]
F 899 Other extraordinary objects

HvNAp-19151: Ercules of Ephesus (with a black elephant and a crown as heraldic symbols) is the first to take up the challenge. However, he is killed by Glorant (who bears a golden arm with a black hand holding a green staff on white ground as coat of arms) in single combat.

Motif References:

P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]

HvNAp-19233: The captive maiden Pallas sends her messenger Lielfant to Apollonius to beg for his help. Lielfant reveals to the king the maiden’s identity – she the daughter of his aunt, the queen of Assyria, Sabina by name – and recounts her abduction by Glorant whose realm is adjacent to Syria. While Demetercus and Silencius, Pallas’ father and brother, were staying abroad to attend the Anthiochius’ funeral, Glorant invaded Syria and took possession of the whole country except for the city of Syria. The town’s castle is called Sencia. Pallas was able to defend the castle for 15 years. Hardly a single virgin can be found in the country because Glorant has deflowered every maiden. He continues to have sexual intercourse with her for seven days, and then he sends her into the city of Sabba where she is held captive and has to earn her living by producing precious textiles. He makes an exception only with noble maidens whose virginity he spares for 30 days. During this time he challenges knights to rescue the captives, but he has never been defeated so far.

Motif References:

P 14.15.2 Court messenger
R 41.1 Captivity in castle
R 51 Mistreatment of prisoners
T 471 Rape
P 550.1.1 (Li) Aggression: rebellion; usurpation; invasion; assault
P 557.0.4 (Li) Siege

HvNAp-19354: One day Pallas married one of her attendants to a young man and arranged a wedding feast on a meadow outside the castle. Glorant seized the opportunity to abduct the bride, Pallas and other maidens. Glorant took possession of the castle. This happened 20 days ago. Apollonius’ knights swear to avenge this injustice.

Motif References:

R 10.1 Princess (maiden) abducted
M 166 Other vows about fighting

HvNAp-19410: Apollonius and Glorant engage in a furious single combat. Finally, Glorant is forced to crave mercy, but Apollonius does not spare his life. After the combat, Clarantz receives the hand of Pallas.

Motif References:

R 111.1 Princess (maiden) rescued from captor
P 550.2 (Li) Single combat
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
F 1084 Furious battle [fight]

HvNAp-19544: On the way back to the foreis Apollonius comes across a beautiful lady who laments the murder of her husband. He has been assaulted by a knight and was stabbed. Apollonius promises to administer justice. Eraclius is the first to arm himself (anticipating even Apollonius) for a fight against the villain. It is Jamodan of Troy who took revenge on the lady’s husband for having murdered his brother while he was sleeping and having raped his wife. Jamodan challenges Eraclius and the two knights charge at each other. Jamodan is eventually defeated and pledges surety. His life is spared since he acted on the basis of legitimate reason. At the sight of the beautiful lady, Lysebelle, the murdered man’s wife, he instantly falls in love with her and receives her hand after the appropriate period of mourning (seven days). His wounds are attended to and healed by Lucina and Tarsia.

Motif References:

T 127 (Bm) Woman weds husband’s [father’s, uncle’s] slayer
T 136.1 Wedding feast
H 218 Trial by combat
P 555 Defeat in battle [single combat]
K 959.2 Murder in one’s sleep

HvNAp-19856: During the feast a beautiful maiden named Flordeleys arrives, clad in costly clothes. In the king’s presence she takes off her hat and replaces it by a crown. She begs for the king’s aid and his judgment against one of the knights present, a dishonorable man called Silvian of Nazareth.

Motif References:

N 770.0.1 Feast as occasion for the beginning of adventures or the arrival of questers
F 821.4 Extraordinarily beautiful mantle
F 829 Extraordinary clothing and ornaments – miscellaneous
F 899 Other extraordinary objects

HvNAp-19956: The maiden (the niece of the sultan of Babylon) recounts the misadventures of her sister, the duchess Claramia of Mirmidon: Silvian’s castle Montechran is adjacent to Mirmidon. One year ago, in a foreis put up by the Babylonians at Gabileis, Silvian was fighting under another’s knight’s coat of arms and was disgracefully defeated by Lafet of Mirmidon. Since then Silvian was harboring a grudge against Lafet. One day, as Claramia was out hunting with falcons, Silvian met her alone and avenged his disgrace by ravishing Lafet’s wife, but he did not succeed in doing so due to her sister’s physical strength. Silvian sent a messenger to Lafet with the tidings that he had taken revenge by having sexual intercourse with his wife. Since that day, her sister is compelled to eat with the dogs and drink rinsing water. Lafet shuns the company of other knights since the news of his wife’s adultery.

Motif References:

Q 241 Adultery punished
Q 433.1 Imprisonment for adultery
T 471 Rape
Q 523.3 Penance: eating food offered to dogs
P 555.8 (Bm) Avenging defeat in battle
K 2110.1 Calumniated wife
K 2112 Woman slandered as adulteress (prostitute) [concubine]

HvNAp-20090: Apollonius calls for Silvian who has vanished after the maiden’s arrival. In the meantime, Tarsia takes care of the girl. After the meal, the king administers justice, the men forming a wide circle. Flordeleise once more utters the charge. Silvian denies and offers to take an oath of innocence. An old satrap advises Apollonius to allow a combat between the woman and the accused since he has read about such a trial in a book. Because the woman has only half the strength of a man, Silvian should fight while standing in a pit up to his waist, his right arm bound on his back, in his left hand only a blunt weapon. The woman’s weapon should be a stone which has the weight of three pounds and is wrapped in a cloth. If she is not able to defeat the man, he will be released. The courageous maiden consents to these conditions while Silvian shuns the disgraceful combat against a woman.

Motif References:

J 151 Wisdom from old person
H 218 Trial by combat
P 510 Law courts

HvNAp-20242: The judicial combat ends with the girl’s victory. As Silvian admits his lie, Flordelise has the necessary evidence and sends a letter with the news to her brother-in-law which leads to the reconciliation of the married couple. Florian obtains the hand of Flordelise.

Motif References:

T 298 Reconciliation [reunion] of (separated) couple

HvNAp-20347: The tidings of Apollonius’ generosity are promulgated throughout the country and many knights thus come to his court. Among them appears one day Elanicus who once warned Apollonius against Anthiochius. He gives a precious bison-horn as gift to the king. Apollonius shows his gratitude by investing him with the castle of Montfort (where the royal treasure is kept) and the earldom.

Motif References:

W 11.2 Munificent monarch
Q 80 Rewards for other causes

Q 113.1.1 (Bm) Earldom (and castle) as reward
F 899 Other extraordinary objects

HvNAp-20397: When the guests are about to take their leave, Apollonius reminds them of the defiant king, Jeroboam of Jerusalem. The princes promise military support. Apollonius distributes generous parting gifts among the guests. The armies will assemble in four weeks time near the mountain Synan and the Garden of Abraham, three miles away from Jerusalem.

Motif References:

M 166 Other vows about fighting
P 324 Host greets guest with gifts [Welcome and parting gifts]

HvNAp-20513: The entire army contains 424,000 men. Jeroboam flees these great odds and sails to Corsica. Apollonius is received in Jerusalem and demonstrates mercy on the defiant vassals. He is sovereign over an immense realm and promotes Christianity. Later he will become Roman Emperor. The author names himself and the date of the translation.

Motif References:

R 220 Flights
F 873.2 Enormous army (camp)

Romances of Antiquity

Heinrich von Neustadt, Apollonius von Tyrlant (1300) Singer, S. (ed.): Heinrich von Neustadt, Apollonius von Tyrlant. Dublin/Zürich 1967.

Heinrich von Neustadt, Apollonius von Tyrlant (1300)
Singer, S. (ed.): Heinrich von Neustadt, Apollonius von Tyrlant. Dublin/Zürich 1967.